Nonylphenol occurrence, distribution, toxicity and analytical methods in freshwater
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Nonylphenol occurrence, distribution, toxicity and analytical methods in freshwater Yajun Hong1,2 · Chenglian Feng1,5 · Zhenfei Yan1 · Ying Wang3 · Daqing Liu1 · Wei Liao1,4 · Yingchen Bai1 Received: 12 May 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Nonylphenol is a typical endocrine-disrupting chemical that has received considerable attention from government officials, scientists and the public due to its estrogenicity and ubiquitous occurrence in water environments. Here we review the current knowledge on nonylphenol occurrence, distribution, toxic effects and water quality criteria related to the protection of freshwater organisms. Nonylphenol enters the water ecosystem mainly via wastewater treatment plant effluents, agricultural runoff, groundwater discharge from air, soil, water and agricultural sources. Toxic effects of nonylphenol on aquatic organisms include acute toxic effects, growth and development effects, estrogenic effect and reproductive effects, neurotoxicity, liver toxicity and immunotoxicity. Keywords Endocrine-disrupting chemicals · Nonylphenol · Toxic effects · Water quality criteria · Freshwater organisms Abbreviations PNEC Predicted no-effect concentration SWQC Short-term water quality criteria LWQC Long-term water quality criteria NOEC No observable effects concentration CCME Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency LC50 50% of the lethal concentration EC50 50% of the effective concentration Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01060-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
EC10 10% of the effective concentration EE2 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol HC5 Hazardous concentration for 5% of species
Introduction In recent years, one of the issues concerning the quality of drinking water is the presence of contaminants of emerging concern, including endocrine-disrupting chemicals, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, microplastics, and other chemical products (Padhye et al. 2014; Tijani et al. 2016; Kaur and Goyal 2019; Padervand et al. 2020), some 1
Yajun Hong [email protected]
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, People’s Republic of China
2
Zhenfei Yan [email protected]
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
3
Ying Wang [email protected]
School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100012, People’s Republic of China
4
Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China
5
Beijing, People’s Republic of China
* Chenglian Feng [email protected]
Daqing Liu [email protected] Wei L
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