Novel Biomaterials Decontamination of Toxic Metals from Wastewater
Current research revolves around trends to bring technology into harmony with the natural environment and in order to protect the ecosystem. Bioremediation involves processes which reduce the overall treatment costs by using
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further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/7487
Shalini Srivastava · Pritee Goyal
Novel Biomaterials Decontamination of Toxic Metals from Wastewater
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Shalini Srivastava Department of Chemistry Dayalbagh Educational Institute Fac. Science Agra-282005 Dayalbagh India [email protected]
Pritee Goyal Department of Applied Science & Humanities G.L. Bajaj Institute of Technology & Management (GLBITM) Greater Noida-201306 India [email protected]
ISSN 1863-5520 ISBN 978-3-642-11328-4 e-ISBN 978-3-642-11329-1 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-11329-1 Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2010921668 © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Cover design: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd., Pondicherry Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Comprising over 70% of the Earth’s surface, water is undeniably the most valuable natural resource existing on our planet. Without this invaluable compound, life on Earth would be non-existent. The vitality of water is mandatory to all forms of life and fundamental for environmental health and management. Due to rapid development and industrialization in many countries, the levels of industrial pollution have been steadily rising. Hence, pollution arising from industrial wastewater is becoming more and more serious in the world. Consequently, the treatment of polluted industrial wastewater remains a topic of global concern since wastewater collected from municipalities, communities, and industries must ultimately be returned to receiving waters or to the land. Water pollution due to toxic heavy metals has been a major cause of concern for environmental engineers. Heavy metals are major pollutants in marine, ground, industrial, and even treated wastewater. Heavy metal pollution represents a significant environmental problem arising from its toxic effects and accumulation throughout the food chain. Lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and nickel are examples of heavy metals/metalloids that have been classified as priority pollutants by the US Environmental Protection Agency. In view of their high toxicity, environment mobility, non-biode
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