Novel eco-friendly electrospun nanomagnetic zinc oxide hybridized PVA/alginate/chitosan nanofibers for enhanced phenol d
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Novel eco-friendly electrospun nanomagnetic zinc oxide hybridized PVA/alginate/chitosan nanofibers for enhanced phenol decontamination Marwa Elkady 1,2 & Eslam Salama 3,4 & Wael A. Amer 3 & El-Zeiny M. Ebeid 3 & Mohamad M. Ayad 3,5 & Hassan Shokry 6,7 Received: 26 April 2020 / Accepted: 21 July 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the current study, poly(vinyl alcohol)/alginate/chitosan (PVA/Alg/CS) composite nanofiber was immobilized with six different ratios of nanomagnetic zinc oxide (M-ZnO) (0 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.8 wt%, and 1 wt%) via the electrospinning technique. The various fabricated composite (M-6) nanofibers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), mechanical testing machine, and optical contact angle measurement. The fabricated composite nanofibers were applied for the adsorption of phenol from aqueous solutions. The 1.0 wt% M-ZnO/PVA/Alg/CS composite nanofibers were selected as the best phenol adsorbent with removal percentage of 84.22%. The influence of different processing parameter such as contact time, composite nanofiber dosage, pH, initial pollutant concentration, and temperature were examined. Increasing nanofiber dosage and the solution temperature was found to enhance the phenol adsorption onto the prepared nanocomposites. The maximum percentage of phenol removal was achieved at 84.22% after 90 min. Meanwhile, the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity (at pH = 5.0) was estimated to be 10.03 mg g−1 at 25 °C. Kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies were designated to proof the endothermic, spontaneous, and thermodynamically nature of the phenol adsorption process. These outcomes indicate the effectiveness of the fabricated M-ZnO/PVA/Alg/CS nanofibers as adsorbent materials for phenol from aqueous solutions. Keywords Nanomagnetic ZnO composite . Polymeric hybrid nanofiber . Electrospinning . Phenol removal . Adsorption . Kinetics
Responsible editor: Angeles Blanco Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10247-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Hassan Shokry [email protected]
4
Environment and Natural Materials Research Institute (ENMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
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Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
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Electronic Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
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Environmental Engineering Department, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, New Borg El-Arab City
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