Numerical Analysis of Geotechnical Problems of Historic Masonry Structures
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Numerical Analysis of Geotechnical Problems of Historic Masonry Structures Sayed Hemeda
Received: 9 July 2018 / Accepted: 11 November 2020 Ó Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Geotechnical modeling of complex soil problems requires an advanced 3D discretization and a sophisticated soil models. The aim of the present study is to accurately analysis the geotechnical and induced structural failure mechanisms observed in the field and experimental studies. In order to provide a contribution to quantify the stress and deformation analysis and settlement of soft clay subsoil, a geotechnical analytical model is presented in details. The study presents an attempt of a PLAXIS 3D FE analysis model to simulate the subsoil problems, deformation and stress analysis of the multi-layer masonry structures of Abu Serga church in Cairo, Egypt which is loaded in plane. Advanced soil plastic modeling has been used throughout the different phases of the numerical analysis. The numerical and experimental analysis allowed us to define the pathology of this unique architectural heritage and to estimate the subsoil deformation as well as the stress–strain analysis of its superstructure, also to define the ultimate load that they can survive under their present conditions. The results are discussed with respect to S. Hemeda (&) Architectural Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt e-mail: [email protected] S. Hemeda School of Basic and Applied Science- BAS, Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology (E-JUST), Alexandria, Egypt
the stress–strain and volumetric behavior of the soil. Consequently it can be concluded that modeling the behavior of subsoil soft clay underneath Abu Serga church by the Numerical analysis is suitable for understanding of the studied behavior of this kind of problematic soil. Keywords Abu serga church Geotechnical problems Masonry structures Soil settlement 3D FE models PLAXIS 3D Predicting model Vertical displacements Abbreviations WL Liquid Limit WS Shrinkage Limit WP Plastic Limit csat Saturated Unit weight cunsat Unsaturated Unit weight Gs Specific Gravity K Permeability Coefficient E Young’s Modulus Cc Compression Index Q Settlement Rm Is the vertical stress qu Is the UCS strength of the pillar material on cylinders with height (h) equal to twice the diameter b Angle between the normal to the fracture plane and the horizontal plane / Friction angle of the fracture
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Geotech Geol Eng
c xs rb a b rc /b U c rn bu Np Qp MD Mp Ei Qcf Lcp M Po
Cohesion Shear stress in resin annulus Applied stress Decay coefficient 1/in which depends on the stiffness of the system Reduction coefficient of dilation angle Uniaxial compressive strength of rock Basic joint friction angle The shear displacement at each step of loading Cohesion between block joints Normal force Shear displacement Normal force at failure Shear force at failure Bending moment at yield limit Bending moment at plastic
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