One-step electrochemical exfoliation-deposition of MnO 2 anchoring on graphite nanosheets as an effective host material
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One-step electrochemical exfoliation-deposition of MnO2 anchoring on graphite nanosheets as an effective host material for high-performance sulfur cathode Fang Chen 1 & Linqian Zhan 1 & Songqing Zhang 1 & Zhongxin Liang 2 & Xuliang Fan 1 & Lin Ma 1 & Xiaosong Zhou 1 Received: 31 May 2020 / Revised: 11 August 2020 / Accepted: 12 August 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery with high energy density is a promising substitute for the conventional lithium-ion battery. However, the application of Li-S battery is limited by the low conductivity of sulfur and the diffusion of soluble intermediate polysulfide. To solve this issue, we have successfully prepared a graphite nanosheet/manganese dioxide (GN/MnO2) composite as the sulfur host material by a one-step electrochemical exfoliation-deposition method. Combined with the high electrical conductivity of GN and the strong interaction between MnO2 and polysulfide, the derived GN/MnO2/S cathode could exhibit superior electrochemical performance and high stability during the charge-discharge process. Even after 250 cycles, the GN/ MnO2/S composite remained a stable discharge capacity of 493.5 mAh/g with the capacity retention of 68.5%. Keywords Electrochemical exfoliation-deposition . Carbon materials . Polar MnO2 . Nanocomposite . Sulfur cathode
Introduction As a promising substitute for conventional lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted extensive attention owing to the conspicuous merits of natural abundance, environmental friendliness, and high theoretical energy density (2600 Wh/kg) [1–4]. However, the basic obstacles of sulfur cathode, such as poor conductivity of sulfur and migration of polysulfides, lead to low discharge capacity and unstable cycle property during the charge-discharge process, hindering the further development of Li-S battery severely [5–7].
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-020-03737-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xuliang Fan [email protected] 1
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials Chemistry of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Research Center for Clean Energy Materials Chemical Engineering Technology of Guangdong, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China
2
Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
To overcome the above problems, carbonaceous materials with various microstructures have been used to host element sulfur because of their good electrical conductivity and physical adsorption of polysulfide [6, 8]. Unfortunately, these nonpolar carbonaceous materials could not completely restrict migration of Li2Sn due to the relatively weak interaction with polar Li2Sn. This significatively limits the improvement of electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries [9]. To address this issue, other po
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