Opportunities and Challenges in Omics
- PDF / 109,246 Bytes
- 5 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 80 Downloads / 276 Views
OMICS, MARKERS, AND MECHANISMS
Opportunities and Challenges in Omics MingMing Ning & Eng H. Lo
Received: 21 October 2010 / Accepted: 21 October 2010 / Published online: 12 November 2010 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010
Keywords Proteomics . Proteome . Genome . Reproducibility . Noise . Continued convergence . Discovery proteomics . Targeted proteomics . Multiple reaction monitoring . Translational stroke research . Neurovascular research
Omics and Translational Stroke Research Recent advances in “omics” technology have provided a powerful set of tools and concepts that allow us to dissect the entire phenotypic and functional network of genes and proteins present in a cell or organism. Decades of technological development has finally allowed biology and technology to meet each other half way as “omics” are being utilized to probe systems in a wide spectrum of biology and medicine. This special issue of TSR gives examples of how genomics and proteomics are used to study mechanisms and disease states—demonstrating advances and challenges of “omics” in translational neurovascular disease. Specifically, the authors present both bench and bedside examples of mechanism- and disease-driven inquiry. Studies probe cell– cell signaling of extracellular secretomes [1], intracellular mechanisms [2], and central vs. peripheral responses after
M. Ning (*) : E. H. Lo (*) Clinical Proteomics Research Center and Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]
stroke [3]. Efforts are made to understand human diseasespecific states by finding biomarkers for the diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy of hemorrhagic [4] and ischemic stroke [5–8]. Taken together, this issue showcases omics inquiries utilizing target-driven [4, 6], discovery-driven [1, 2, 5, 7], and combination approaches [8]. Dr. Sharp's accompanying commentary provides an insightful and detailed summary of these articles and their interpretations [9].
Opportunities and Challenges Over the last decade, “omics” technology has advanced from cataloging lists of genes, proteins, and SNPs to disease-specific in-depth analyses of meta-genetics, protein– protein interactions, modifications, and pathway mapping. Large-scale genome-wide association studies and highthroughput techniques have become more efficient and productive in exploring vastly uncharted territory. “Discovery” approaches to find unknown factors of a particular disease state are made possible by multiplex technology such as rapid sequencing and better mass spectrometry instrumentation with better resolution to detect complex protein mixtures. “Targeted” approaches utilizing mass spectrometry multiple reaction monitoring technology afford rapid quantitation of multiple peptides without antibodies. [10]. Despite its complexity, “omics” has brought us one step closer to the ultimate clinical phenotype in complex diseases such as stroke that
Data Loading...
