Optimization of Reactive Blue 19 dye removal using ozone and ozone/UV employing response surface methodology
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Optimization of Reactive Blue 19 dye removal using ozone and ozone/ UV employing response surface methodology Mariana Guadalupe Abrile1 · María Laura Fiasconaro1 · María Eugenia Lovato1 Received: 11 November 2019 / Accepted: 24 April 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract This work reports the degradation of Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) dye using ozone and ozone/UV. The effects of operational parameters such as pH, ozone concentration and UV radiation were examined. A two factor with three levels factorial design was carried out and the interaction between variables was studied. Response surface methodology was applied in order to optimize ozone concentration, pH and UV radiation in terms of the half life time required for discoloration and/or mineralization of the solution. Equations of color and TOC half-life time with respect to operational conditions were determined. Contour plots and a desirability function were used to find the local points of optimization. Optimized reaction conditions were established as pH 8.26, UV radiation of 40 W and ozone concentration of 50 g Nm−3. A specific experiment was carried out under the optimal conditions where RB19 half life time was 1.59 min and TOC half life time was 30.98 min, confirming the agreement between model and experimental results. The obtained results confirm ozonation as a promising alternative for treatment of wastewater with a high content of recalcitrant reactive dyes. Keywords Ozone · Anthraquinone dye · UV radiation · Reaction modeling · Response surface methodology
1 Introduction Textile industries consume enormous amounts of water, producing large volumes of colored effluents which are finally discharged into water sources, this causes environmental issues related to chemical and biochemical oxygen demand, pH and salinity. According to their chemical structure, dyes can be classified into azoic—which constitute the majority group-, anthraquinonic, nitro, indigoid, diphenyl and triphenyl methane, phtalocyanines and polymethines [1]. Anthraquinone dyes are characterized by their high resistance to biodegradation, due to their fused aromatic structures [2–4]. In addition, they could be toxic and cause mutagenic effects on organisms exposed to their effects [5, 6]. Different processes have been used for the treatment
of colored effluents, such as adsorption [7], filtration [8, 9], and coagulation [10], among others. However, these treatments have the disadvantage of transferring the contaminant from one phase to another instead of destroying it, consequently the environmental problem persists. For this reason, the need to find destructive treatments arises being the Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) a promissory alternative. AOPs are characterized by achieving a high degree of mineralization of the pollutants, transforming them in water, carbon dioxide and inorganic salts. Although all AOPs have in common the generation of hydroxyl radicals, very reactive and nonselective, they differ in the mechanisms by which these radicals are generated. In
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