Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Silicate Materials for Optical Applications; Highly Fluorinated Hybrid Glasses Doped with (Erbi
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Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Silicate Materials for Optical Applications; Highly Fluorinated Hybrid Glasses Doped with (Erbium-ions/CdSe nanoparticles) for Laser Amplifier Material
Kyung M. Choi and John A. Rogers Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Murray Hill, New Jersey, U. S. A.
A new family of organic/inorganic hybrid silicate materials, bridged polysilsesquioxanes, was designed and synthesized through a molecular-level mixing technique. Since hybrid materials in the molecular-composite level, whose domain sizes are in the nanometer-scale, and whose constituents often lose individual identities and thus create new properties, we obtained a set of improved properties from those organically modified glasses. By modifying the Si-O-Si polymeric network, in this study, we produced controllable, porous hybrid glasses for facile and uniform doping of various ions, metals or semiconductor particles. By taking advantage of void volume created in those molecularly modified silicate systems, novel optical materials with designed properties can thus be achieved. Via a chemical strategy, we designed hexylene- or fluoroalkylene-bridged hybrid glasses doped with both Er+3 ions and CdSe nano-particles for the development of new laser amplifier materials. In photoluminescence experiments, a significant enhancement in fluorescence intensity at 1540 nm has been obtained from the fluoroalkylene-bridged glass. The presence of CdSe nano-particles, by virtue of their low phonon energy, also appears to significantly influence the nature of the surrounding environment of Er+3 ions in those modified silicate systems, resulting in the increased fluorescence intensity.
Introduction The development of new photonic materials has been actively pursued for decades. Unique or efficient optical device materials have been sought for various information processing devices and technologies such as optical fibers, waveguides, optical displays, optical switching devices, laser devices, optical lenses, laser amplifiers, and holographic devices. However, there are many inherent limitations in modifying or creating material structures with the requisite properties for these applications in single component materials. The use of multicomponent material systems such as the organic/ inorganic combination employed in this work, allows us to go beyond such limitations and create new optical materials, which hitherto has not been possible. In general, organic polymers offer easy processibility while inorganic materials offer superior thermal stability and compatibility with common inorganic substrates. For this reason, organic/inorganic hybrid silicates have been widely investigated as a new class of optical device materials with a reliability of properties that are not found in conventional silicate materials since the development of hybrid materials to optimize materials’ properties became critical to bring new advances. _______________________________________ Since this paper has to cover up full of our presentation at MRS 2004 Fall meeting, s
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