Orobanche crenata destroying Cajanus cajan : a new report from India
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Orobanche crenata destroying Cajanus cajan: a new report from India Gulwaiz Akhter1 · Hisamuddin2 · Tabreiz Ahmad Khan2 Received: 6 August 2019 / Revised: 13 September 2020 / Accepted: 17 September 2020 © Indian Phytopathological Society 2020
Abstract Crenata broomrape was observed on pigeon pea plants grown in Satna district of Madhya Pradesh in central India during the survey conducted in 2017. Based on the phyto-morphology, the broomrape sp. was identified as Orobanche crenata destroying Cajanus cajan. The parasitism was confirmed by the attachment of O. crenata with pigeon pea plant by the association of haustorium. The disease incidence of crenata broomrape in pigeon pea plant was recorded as 59.82%. To the best of our literature search this study is the first report of C. cajan infested with O. crenata from India. Keywords Cajanus cajan · Haustoria · Holo-parasite · Orobanche crenata Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L., Millsp.) plays a significant role in the food and nutritional supply of millions of people in the world, particularly in Asia. Pigeon pea is a vital source of protein, starch, fibre, oil and nutrients (Grusak 2009). Several biotic and abiotic factors hamper the production of important crops. Plant parasitic weeds attribute major impediment to production of agricultural commodities. More than 4,500 flowering plant species, belonging to 280 genera in 20 families, have adapted to parasitize other plants. The family Orobanchaceae contains plant root holoparasitic species; pose a tremendous risk to the world agrarian economy (Rubiales 2018). The most destructive weedy species are Orobanche crenata Forsk., O. aegyptiaca Pers., O. cernua Loefl. and O. minor Sm. that cause severe damage to important plant families viz., Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Brassicaceae (Akhter and Khan 2018a, b; Akhter et al. 2018). Orobanche species do not have chlorophyll hence cannot perform photosynthesis. The parasite obtained water, photosynthates and amino acids, from the host (Foy et al. 1989). Orobanche spp. are normally dispersed crosswise over South Asia, Africa Northern Africa and Southern Europe, (Parker 2012). Moreover, in India, * Gulwaiz Akhter [email protected] 1
Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, New Delhi 110058, India
Section of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh 202002, India
2
the infestation of Orobanche spp. is largely found in Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu (Upadhyay 2004; Amit and Singh 2005; Punia et al. 2016; Akhter and Khan 2018a, b, c; Akhter et al. 2018; Akhter and Khan 2020). For the last several years, in Satna district of Madhya Pradesh in central India, crenata broomrape has been found in the pigeon pea growing fields. A careful investigation of literature confirmed that no inclusive work on O. crenata parasitism on C. cajan was reported from India. Ther
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