Genetic Polymorphism and Lineage of Pigeon Pea [ Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] inferred from Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA g
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RESEARCH ARTICLE-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Genetic Polymorphism and Lineage of Pigeon Pea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] inferred from Chloroplast and Nuclear DNA gene regions Ugorji Ogbuagu Udensi1 · Ikenna Lasbrey Emeagi1 · Tentishe Luka Thomas2 · Soumya Ghosh3 · Conrad Chibunna Achilonu3 Received: 6 April 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 © King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals 2020
Abstract Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. is an important legume crop that grows in semiarid tropic continents such as Asia, South America and Africa. Sub-Saharan African countries, particularly Nigeria, have to achieve food, crop and nutrition security, because the population faces hunger and malnutrition. Thus, to mitigate these challenges, developing and improving landraces of crop plants is essential. Improving the cultivation and breeding of grain legumes, especially Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea), is an option, given the drought-tolerant nature of the crop. An ecological imbalance has led to a decreasing natural population of C. cajan, thereby creating a potential decrease in genetic diversity. In this study, genetic markers (matK, ITS and PetB) were used to identify a series of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), selection types, haplotypes and traced evolutionary lineage within C. cajan accessions. We noted the detection of these SNPs among the molecular markers reflecting the origin of the crop plant, thus detecting shared haplotype for ITS and unshared haplotypes for matK and PetB. This study provides insight on the genetic diversity of C. cajan and useful in identifying genetic fingerprints that correlate with other properties of C. cajan, and thus, which could assist in preventing loss of diversity. Keywords DNA polymorphism · Genetic diversity · Haplotypes · Pigeon pea
1 Introduction Food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, especially Nigeria, has not been adequately and critically analysed. For example, Iizumi et al. [1], Lesk et al. [2] and Vogel et al. [3] reported that the precarious environmental and climatic fluctuations have a severe impact on global food production. Hence, increasing the production of crops could improve the economic standard of food demand Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05036-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Conrad Chibunna Achilonu [email protected]
1
Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Calabar, PMB 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
2
Department of Biological Sciences, Taraba State University, PMB 1167, Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
3
Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, Free State 9300, Republic of South Africa
in a rapidly growing world population [4]. Crop breeders and researchers have been successful in combining various strategies used in improving crop productivity, focusing on beneficial loci within germplasm and advanced biotechnological stages in post-genomics er
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