Otolith Shape and Characteristics as a Morphological Approach to the Stock Identification in Barbus tauricus (Cyprinidae
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tolith Shape and Characteristics as a Morphological Approach to the Stock Identification in Barbus tauricus (Cyprinidae) M. Ozpicak* Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey *e-mail: [email protected] Received April 1, 2020; revised April 13, 2020; accepted April 14, 2020
Abstract—This study is aimed to discriminate Barbus tauricus stocks using otolith shape indices and morphometrics. B. tauricus samples were obtained from some inland waters of Black Sea basin (Streams Akçay, Engiz, Terme, Karadere and Değirmenağzı), and also Luciobarbus sp. samples from Sakarya River were used as an outgroup. Utricular and lagenar otoliths were removed by making left and right distictions. Otolith width, length, perimeter and area were determined by Imaging Software. Power model was applied to estimate the relationships between the otolith measurements and total length. Form Factor, Circularity, Roundness, Rectangularity, Aspect Ratio and Ellipticity were used for otolith shape analyses. A standardized model was used to remove size effect on otolith measurement. Discriminant function analysis were performed to detect differences in otolith shape variations. The discriminant function analysis performed for otolith shape indices and measurements explains the intraspecific variability among localities. According to discriminant function analysis, 75.3% of B. tauricus stocks were correctly classified. The results of this study provide the first comprehensive data regarding the otolith shape analyses and relationship between the otolith morphometrics with total length of Crimean barbel. Keywords: Barbus tauricus, stock discrimination, shape indices, otolith morphometry, Black Sea basin DOI: 10.1134/S0032945220050045
INTRODUCTION Otoliths, calcareous structures located in the head of fishes, are considered as a true biological and environmental archive of fishes. These structures have been quite a while used for different kind of ichthyological studies especially taxonomy (Bourehail et al., 2015), genetic and phylogeny (Reichenbacher et al., 2007; Firidin et al., 2017), predator-prey relationships (Granadeiro and Silva, 2000), fossil studies (Gierl and Reichenbacher, 2015), chemistry (Miyan et al., 2016), age determination (Polat et al., 2005) and stock identification (Zengin et al., 2015). Natural changes or human impacts on environment have often been quantified using indices of ecological diversity (D’onghia et al., 2003). At this point, otolith shape analysis and characteristics are evaluated as a cheap, practice and time-effcient methods for determining stock differentiations and impacts of ecological differences on fish species. The terms “stock” is an important taxonomic group that is identified as a fundamental unit for the management of fisheries resources (Vignon and Morat, 2010). Modern stock concept refers to arbitrary groups of fish with members of each group having similar life history characteristics (Begg and Waldman, 1999). Environmental variables can affect the lives of organisms and may lead to changes in mor-
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