Oxidative stress-related lung dysfunction by chromium(VI): alleviation by Citrus aurantium L.
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Oxidative stress-related lung dysfunction by chromium(VI): alleviation by Citrus aurantium L. Nejla Soudani & Moez Rafrafi & Ibtissem Ben Amara & Ahmed Hakim & Afef Troudi & Khaled Mounir Zeghal & Hichem Ben Salah & Tahia Boudawara & Najiba Zeghal
Received: 1 April 2012 / Accepted: 3 August 2012 # University of Navarra 2012
A. Hakim : K. M. Zeghal Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
C. aurantium L. Six flavonoids were identified, as (1) poncirin, (2) naringin, (3) naringenin, (4) quercetin, (5) isosinensetin, and (6) tetramethyl-o-isoscutellarein. Adult Wistar rats, used in this study, were divided into six groups of six animals each: group I served as controls which received standard diet, group II received via drinking water K2Cr2O7 alone (700 ppm), groups III and IV were pretreated for 10 days with ethanol extract of C. aurantium L. at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively, and then K2Cr2O7 was administrated during 3 weeks, and groups V and VI received during 10 days only C. aurantium L. ethanol extract at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg/day, respectively. Ethanol extract of C. aurantium L. was administered orally. Rats exposed to Cr(VI) showed in lung an increase in malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl levels and a decrease in sulflydryl content, glutathione, nonprotein thiol, and vitamins C and E levels. Decreases in enzyme activities such as in Na+K+ ATPase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase were noted. Pretreatment with C. aurantium L. of chromium-treated rats ameliorated all biochemical parameters. Lung histological studies confirmed the biochemical parameters and the beneficial role of C. aurantium L.
T. Boudawara Anatomopathology Laboratory, CHU. Habib Bourguiba, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia
Keywords Citrus aurantium L. . Flavonoids . Potassium dichromate . Rat . Lung . Histopathological studies
Abstract Chromium(VI), a very strong oxidant, causes high cytotoxicity through oxidative stress in tissue systems. Our study investigated the potential ability of ethanolic Citrus aurantium L., family Rutaceae extract, used as a nutritional supplement, to alleviate lung oxidative damage induced by Cr(VI). A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer method was developed to separate and identify flavonoids in
Ibtissem Ben Amara and Moez Rafrafi contributed equally to this work. N. Soudani : I. Ben Amara : A. Troudi : N. Zeghal (*) Animal Physiology Laboratory, UR/11ES70 Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia e-mail: [email protected] M. Rafrafi : H. Ben Salah Chemistry Laboratory of Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sfax, BP1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
N. Soudani et al.
Introduction Heavy metals constitute a core group of environmental pollutants due to their bioaccumulative and nonbiodegradable properties. Their excessive contamination of ecosystems has evoked major environmental and health concerns worldwide [
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