Paclobutrazol Improved the Reproductive Growth and the Quality of Seed Oil of Jatropha curcas
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Paclobutrazol Improved the Reproductive Growth and the Quality of Seed Oil of Jatropha curcas Gang Xu • Rui Luo • Yinan Yao
Received: 9 January 2012 / Accepted: 15 May 2013 Ó Springer Science+Business Media New York 2013
Abstract Jatropha curcas was treated by soil drench paclobutrazol (PBZ) (0, 2, and 3 g m-1 of canopy diameter) and foliar spray PBZ (0, 500, 800, and 1,200 ppm). The results showed that PBZ treatments greatly retarded vegetative growth and improved reproductive growth. The lengths of new branches were greatly decreased, whereas the number of fruits per inflorescence, fruit-bearing branches per tree, and total fruit load per tree were increased. Only the 2-g soil drench and the 1,200-ppm foliar PBZ spray significantly increased fruit load. The 2-g soil drench PBZ treatment resulted in a decrease in seed S and Cu contents of J. curcas, whereas Mn and B were greatly or moderately increased. A higher dose (3-g soil drench PBZ)
reversed the improvement in reproductive growth and alleviated the negative effects on element contents in seeds compared with the 2-g soil drench PBZ. Finally, soil drench PBZ treatments significantly improved seed oil content and oil quality by reducing the oil acid value, increasing stearic acid and oleic acid contents, and reducing palmitic acid and linoleic acid content. The optimum drench dose was below 2 g m-1 of canopy diameter. The optimum foliar spray concentration of PBZ was not determined in this study but our results suggest that it is higher than 1,200 ppm.
G. Xu Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China
Introduction
G. Xu Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China R. Luo Plant Physiology Laboratory of College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People’s Republic of China Y. Yao College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, People’s Republic of China Y. Yao (&) College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, 56 Qinglong Road, Mianyang 610010, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Paclobutrazol Jatropha curcas Growth Seed oil composition
Jatropha curcas L. is an ideal petrosubstitute because of its high-oil-content seeds, low nutrient requirement, and drought tolerance. Large-scale cultivation of J. curcas in sites such as wastelands, degraded lands, and mine-contaminated lands has the potential to meet the increasing demand for oil seed crops without scarifying agricultural land. However, nut production of J. curcas is very low. In semiarid areas and cultivated wasteland, Heller (1996) and Tewari (2007) propose an achievable dry seed production of 2–3 tons ha-1 year-1, which was confirmed by field data from Francis and others (2005). When good sites (good soil and average annual rainfall of 900–1,200 mm) are claimed and/or optimal management practice is used, 5 tons dry seed ha-1 year
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