Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) isoforms among Staphylococcus aureus lineages isolated from hospitals in Rio de Janeir
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BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL PATHOGENESIS - SHORT COMMUNICATION
Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) isoforms among Staphylococcus aureus lineages isolated from hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Raiane Cardoso Chamon 1,2 & Tamara Lopes Rocha de Oliveira 2 & Rosana Barreto Rocha Ferreira 2 & Lilian Oliveira Moreira 3 & Kátia Regina Netto dos Santos 2 Received: 11 February 2020 / Accepted: 16 October 2020 # Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2020
Abstract Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor codified by lukSF-PV genes. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at lukSF-PV genes can lead to two PVL sequence variants (R and H) generating different PVL isoforms. This study analyzed lukSF-PV genes SNPs among four different clonal lineages (STs/CC 1, 5, 8, and 30) of nine S. aureus isolated at Brazilian hospitals. The sequenced products showed SNPs at seven sites (positions 121, 470, 527, 663, 856, 1396, and 1729), leading to non-synonymous substitutions in all isolates investigated. Our findings showed new R and H isoforms variants in S. aureus isolated in Brazil and suggest a possible relationship between H2b isoform and the ST30/CC30 lineage. Keywords Staphylococcus aureus . Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) isoforms . Brazilian lineages
Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a bicomponent and pore-forming toxin that targets phagocytes, leading to membrane damage and cell death in vitro, often associated with recurrent Staphylococcus aureus skin and soft tissue infections and necrotizing pneumonia [1]. PVL can be produced by both methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates [1, 2]. The USA300/ ST8 MRSA is the commonly PVL-positive lineage found in the USA [3], while in Latin American countries, including Brazil, the USA1100/ST30 MRSA is frequently reported [2, 4]. PVL-codifying genes, lukS-PV and lukF-PV, are carried by a temperate prophage and may be transferred from one isolate to another via phage transduction [5]. Although the PVL Responsible Editor: Mariana X Byndloss. * Kátia Regina Netto dos Santos [email protected] 1
Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
2
Departamento de Microbiologia Médica, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
3
Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
genes are considered highly conserved [6], it was demonstrated at least 22 points mutations or SNPs (single-nucleotide polymorphism) in both lukS-PV and lukF-PV [6–11] (Table 1). Based on the nucleotide substitution, the PVL proteins were classified in two major sequence variants of lukSFPV, named as H or R variants [7]. Despite the recognized role of PVL on S. aureus disease severity [12], the influence of PVL isoforms on protein toxicity and disease outcome remains unknown. Molecular modeling studies suggested that the R isoform may alter p
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