Parametric study to enhance performance of wastewater treatment process, by reverse osmosis-photovoltaic system
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Parametric study to enhance performance of wastewater treatment process, by reverse osmosis‑photovoltaic system Yousra Jbari1 · Souad Abderafi1 Received: 18 May 2020 / Accepted: 30 August 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
Abstract The presence of certain toxic pollutants in water and wastewater such as chlorophenol must be eliminated, as they have negative effects on human health and the environment. Based on the state of the art, the reverse osmosis (RO) coupled with photovoltaic (PV) was chosen for wastewater treatment. The aim of this article is to evaluate the optimal operating conditions of RO-PV system that maximize chlorophenol rejection with minimal energy consumption. Two complementary approaches were followed combining physical models with statistical ones. The physical model used for the simulation is based on the equations of diffusion and matter balance. After demonstrating the reliability of this model, it was used for parametric sensitivity analysis, performing numerical experiments using a program developed under Python. The data obtained were used for operating parameters optimization, using artificial neural network method coupled with the desirability function. The results showed that the optimal values obtained, relating to feed pressure of 9.713 atm, water recovery rate of 40%, operating flow rate of 10−4 m3/s and temperature of 40 °C could remove 91% of chlorophenol with an energy consumption of 0.8 kWh/m3. This consumption allowed us to deduce that photovoltaic solar panel with a peak power of 280 Wp and a battery capacity of 9.22 kWh is sufficient to produce 1 m3/day. Keywords Wastewater · Reverse osmosis · Photovoltaic · Operating parameter · Sensitivity analysis · Artificial neural network List of symbols A Effective area of the membrane (m2) Aw Solvent transport coefficient (m/atm s) b Feed and permeate channels friction parameter (atm s/m4) Bs Solute transport coefficient (m/s) Cf The feed concentration (kmol/m3) Cm The solute concentration on the membrane surface (kmol/m3) Cp The permeate concentration (kmol/m3) Cr The retentate concentration (kmol/m3) Eeld The daily electricity energy requirement (kWh/d) Esm The monthly average daily solar irradiation of the worst month (kWh/m2/d) Esp The specific energy required by the high-pressure pump (kWh/m3) * Souad Abderafi [email protected] 1
MOSEM2PI, Mohammadia Engineering School, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Ibn Sina, B.P. 765, 10090 Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
Js The solute flux through the membrane (kmol/m2 s) Jw The permeate flux (m/s) k The mass transfer coefficient (m/s) L The length of the membrane (m) Ps The feed pressure (atm) Ppeak The peak power of the photovoltaic collectors (kWp) Pp The permeate pressure (atm) Pr The retentate pressure (atm) Qb The energy capacity of the batteries (kWh) Qf The feed flow rate (m3/s) Qp The permeate flow rate (m3/s) Qr The retentate flow rate (m3/s) R The gas low constant ( = 0.082 atm.m3/K kmol) Rej The chlorophenol rejection (dimensionless) RI The rel
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