Parent Management Training Oregon Model and Family-Based Services as Usual for Behavioral Problems in Youth: A National
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Parent Management Training Oregon Model and Family‑Based Services as Usual for Behavioral Problems in Youth: A National Randomized Controlled Trial in Denmark Christoffer Scavenius1 · Anil Chacko2 · M. R. Lindberg3 · Megan Granski2 · M. M. Vardanian2 · Maiken Pontoppidan1 · Helle Hansen1 · Misja Eiberg1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This randomized control trial used intent-to-treat analyses to compare parent management training—Oregon model (PMTO) (N = 64) to family-based services as usual (SAU) (N = 62) in 3.5–13-year-old children and their families in Denmark. Outcomes were parent report of child internalizing and externalizing problems, parenting efficacy, parenting stress, parent sense of coherence, parent-report of life satisfaction, and parental depressive symptoms. Outcomes were measured at pretreatment, post-treatment, and 18–20 months post-treatment. Results demonstrated that both PMTO and family-based SAU resulted in significant improvements in child externalizing and internalizing problems, parenting efficacy, as well as parent-reported stress and depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, and aspects of sense of cohesion. Effect sizes at post-treatment and followup were in the small to moderate range, consistent with prior PMTO evaluations. However, there were no significant differences between PMTO and family-based SAU. Further research on the process and content of family-based SAU is needed to determine how this approach overlaps with and is distinct from PMTO. Keywords Parent management training—Oregon model (PMTO) · Behavioral parent training · Children · Behavior problems · Effectiveness
Introduction Parent management training—Oregon model (PMTO) [1] is a specific brand of what are generally referred to as behavioral parent training (BPT) interventions [2]. BPT approaches integrate theory, research and practice on family interaction and child behavior [1, 2]. BPT is based on operant conditioning and social learning theory [3], which emphasizes the child’s social environment and reinforcement contingencies that shape both challenging and prosocial behaviors [1, 4]. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-01028-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Anil Chacko [email protected] 1
VIVE – The Danish Center for Social Science Research, Copenhagen, Denmark
2
New York University, New York, NY, USA
3
Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
Challenging parent–child interactions occur in all families; however, in well-functioning families, parents teach children to resolve conflicts using positive means such as humor and negotiation [5, 6]. In less well-functioning families, however, children’s problematic behavior is learned through modeling of parent’s aversive behaviors (e.g., arguing, aggression) as well as negative reinforcement (removal of parental requests to perform undesired behavior) during compliance intera
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