Patients with Plasma Cell Disorders Have High EBV DNA in Peripheral Blood than the General Population
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SHORT COMMUNICATION
Patients with Plasma Cell Disorders Have High EBV DNA in Peripheral Blood than the General Population Kumar Sangam 1 & Yashwant Kumar 1
&
Ranjana Walker Minz 1 & Neelam Varma 1 & Subhash Varma 2 & Shashi Anand 1
Received: 1 June 2018 / Accepted: 13 March 2019 # Arányi Lajos Foundation 2019
Abstract Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is involved in the development of a wide range of B cell lympho-proliferative disorders. Its association with plasma cell disorders (PCD) however is not clear, especially in immunocompetent patients. To explore any relationship, 39 patients of suspected PCD with positive M-band on electrophoresis and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. EBV DNA in peripheral blood was quantified using quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). Of 39 patients, 15 (38.5%) had EBV DNA compared to 8/50 (16%) controls (p = 0.0008). The mean viral copy number was found to be significantly high in patients compared to controls (1.8 × 105; range = 2.6 × 103–7.6 × 105 copies/ml and 1.7 × 104; range = 7.0 × 102–6.1 × 104 copies/ml respectively; p = 0.003). This is the first study, which characterizes the frequency of EBV in circulation in patients of PCD. The significance of increased prevalence of circulating EBV and a higher viral load in our immunocompetent patients however, needs further evaluation. Keywords Epstein - Barr virus . Plasma cell disorders . Quantitative real time PCR . Immunocompetent
Introduction Plasma cell disorders (PCD) is a group of chronic and debilitating diseases associated with monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells and characteristic secretion of homogenous monoclonal proteins in blood and/or urine detectable as Mband in electrophoresis [1]. Despite several proposed aetiologies, i.e. radiation or workplace exposure, diet, socioeconomic status, chronic antigenic stimulation by infections,
inflammatory conditions, autoimmune connective tissue and allergy related disorders, the mechanism of development of PCD remains elusive [2]. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is one of the most common human viruses with a proven role in the development of a wide range of B cell lympho-proliferative disorders. These include Burkitt’s and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and lymphomas arising in immuno-compromised individuals (post-transplant & HIVassociated lympho-proliferative disorders). In view of its
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-019-00640-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Yashwant Kumar [email protected]
Subhash Varma [email protected] Shashi Anand [email protected]
Kumar Sangam [email protected] Ranjana Walker Minz [email protected]
1
Department of Immunopathology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
Neelam Varma [email protected]
2
Department of Internal Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
K. Sangam et al.
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