Patterns and drivers of Vibrio isolates phylogenetic diversity in the Beibu Gulf, China
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Patterns and drivers of Vibrio isolates phylogenetic diversity in the Beibu Gulf, China§ Xing Chen1, Hong Du2, Si Chen1, Xiaoli Li3, Huaxian Zhao3, Qiangsheng Xu3, Jinli Tang3, Gonglingxia Jiang3, Shuqi Zou4, Ke Dong4, Jonathan M. Adams5, Nan Li3*, and Chengjian Jiang1* 1
Guangxi Research Center for Microbial and Enzyme Engineering Technology, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, P. R. China 2 Shantou University, Guangdong 515063, P. R. China 3 Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Education (Nanning Normal University), Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P. R. China 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea 5 School of Geographical and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China (Received Jun 5, 2020 / Revised Aug 4, 2020 / Accepted Aug 31, 2020)
Members of the genus Vibrio are ubiquitous in aquatic environments and can be found either in a culturable or a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state. Despite widespread concerns as to how to define the occurrence and dynamics of Vibrio populations by culture-independent approaches, further physiological research and relevant biotechnological developments will require the isolation and cultivation of the microbes from various environments. The present work provides data and perspectives on our understanding of culturable Vibrio community structure and diversity in the Beibu Gulf. Finally, we isolated 1,037 strains of Vibrio from 45 samples and identified 18 different species. Vibrio alginolyticus, V. cyclitrophicus, V. tasmaniensis, V. brasiliensis, and V. splendidus were the dominant species that had regional distribution characteristics. The correlation between the quantitative distribution and community structure of culturable Vibrio and environmental factors varied with the Vibrio species and geographical locations. Among them, salinity, nitrogen, and phosphorus were the main factors affecting the diversity of culturable Vibrio. These results help to fill a knowledge gap on Vibrio diversity and provide data for predicting and controlling pathogenic Vibrio outbreaks in the Beibu Gulf. Keywords: 16S rRNA, Beibu Gulf, isolates, thiosulfate-citratebile-salt-sucrose (TCBS) agar, drivers, Vibrio diversity *For correspondence. (C. Jiang) E-mail: [email protected]/ (N. Li) E-mail: [email protected] § Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://www.springerlink.com/content/120956. Copyright ⓒ 2020, The Microbiological Society of Korea
Introduction Vibrio is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria which is ubiquitous in aquatic environments, including estuaries, coastal waters, sediments, and aquaculture settings (Hood and Ness, 1982; Bolinches et al., 1988; Moriarty, 1998; Thompson et al., 2004a). Vibrio have been described as the main causal source of diseases in seafoods such as fish (Yu et a
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