Peak flood estimation under overtopping and piping conditions at Vahdat Dam, Kurdistan Iran
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Peak flood estimation under overtopping and piping conditions at Vahdat Dam, Kurdistan Iran Ata Amini 1 & Alborz Arya 2 & Afshin Eghbalzadeh 3 & Mitra Javan 3
Received: 16 August 2016 / Accepted: 18 January 2017 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2017
Abstract Estimation of maximum discharge and time of transfer dam break wave are among the main factors in provision of emergency action plan and safety assessment of dams. Most dam breaks begin with a breach in the body of the dam or flood overtopping. Estimation of maximum discharge for determining affected areas and also determination of hazards due to the dam break are essential issues. In this research, the dam break of Vahdat Dam located in Kurdistan, Iran, and in neighborhood of Sanandaj City was simulated by integrating ArcMap and HEC-RAS software and field observations. The necessary data was collected from the corresponding organizations. The Manning coefficient of the Gheshlagh River at downstream of the dam was estimated using the Manning coefficient relationships and field observations and measurements. The breach dimensions were determined using the conventional empirical relationships. The dam breaks in both overtopping and piping states were simulated. The maximum discharge values obtained from the modeling and empirical relationships were compared. The results indicated the substantial effect of selecting break types on the hydraulic characteristics of dam break wave in the river and downstream areas. While in the case of break due to the breach, selection of the methods for calculation of breach dimensions would affect the break and these relationships in various conditions would give different breach dimensions.
* Ata Amini [email protected]; [email protected]
1
Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Sanandaj, Iran
2
Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
3
Department of Civil Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
Keywords Dam break . Vahdat Dam . Flood . HEC-RAS . ArcMap
Introduction The dam break characteristics, especially their feature and the time of wave transfer, are utilizes as main variables for determination of break consequences and provision of emergency action plan. For preparation to overcome the dam break consequences, estimation of flood discharge for reduction of probable hazards is essential. As a result of human activities, the magnitude of floods occurring in a watershed is increased (Amini et al. 2009) and the dams are faced with more intensive flood. The applied risk assessment programs emphasize obtaining realistic estimation of all flood characteristics and features. Prediction of the amount of fatal and property losses in areas around the dam due to the dam breaks are related to the effective breach parameters in dam break analysis (Chauhan et al. 2004). Failure of most dams begins with a breach in the dam body. Breach geometry (depth, width of breach, and side slope), failure states, breach progress, flow condition, materials, spatial situation, and typ
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