Perceived Adverse Effects of Separating Government Institutions for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptatio
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ARTICLE
Perceived Adverse Effects of Separating Government Institutions for Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation Within the Southern African Development Community Member States Livhuwani D. Nemakonde1 • Dewald Van Niekerk1 • Per Becker1,2 Sizwile Khoza1
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Accepted: 15 September 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020
Abstract Integration of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) is widely recognized as a solution for reducing the risk and impacts of disasters. However, successful integration seems elusive, and the two goals continue to function in isolation and in parallel. This article provides empirical insights into the perceived effects of separating government institutions for DRR and CCA within the Southern African Development Community member states. A mixed method research design was applied to the study. A total of 40 respondents from Botswana, Eswatini (until April 2018 Swaziland), Madagascar, Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe participated in face-to-face interviews or an online survey. Five major effects of separating the organizations for DRR and CCA that impede efforts to reduce disaster risk coherently were identified: duplication of services, polarization of interventions, incoherent policies, competition for the same resources, and territorial contests. Given the continued fragmentation of institutions for DRR and CCA, highlighting these effects is important to emphasize the need for integrated approaches towards the reduction of disaster risk.
& Livhuwani D. Nemakonde [email protected] 1
African Centre for Disaster Studies, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2522, South Africa
2
Lund University Centre for Risk Assessment and Management (LUCRAM), Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden
Keywords Climate change adaptation Disaster risk reduction Southern African Development Community Sustainable development
1 Introduction Over the last two decades, the disaster risk literature has emphasized an increasing need for integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA). Despite progress of the discussions on integrating DRR and CCA, less is happening in practice as there are many challenges to integrating DRR and CCA (Dias et al. 2018). Mysiak et al. (2018) noted that there are few examples of how coherence between DRR and CCA is achieved in practice. One of the challenges to integration is that the concept has been conceptualized across disciplines, and as a result it is understood in various ways (Barki and Pinsonneault 2005). Hord (1986) pointed out that the attractive ideals of integration have not necessarily translated into clear actions among practitioners, partly because the concept of integration is ill defined in the literature. The challenge regarding interorganizational integration was clearly articulated by Axelsson and Axelsson (2006) who indicated that it is a difficult task for management to inte
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