Perspectives in Ethology Volume 4 Advantages of Diversity
One of the attractive features of the great classical ethologists was their readiness to ask different kinds of questions about behavior - and to do so without muddling the answers. Niko Tinbergen, for instance, was interested in the evolution of behavior
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Advantages of Diversity
CONTRIBUTORS
Peter G. Caryl
J. E. R. Staddon
Hugh Drummond
Nicholas S. Thompson
Department of Psychology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh. Scotland. U.K.
Department of Psychology University of Tennessee Knoxville. Tennessee 37916
Dennis Robert Rasmussen
Sub-Department of Animal Behavior University of Cambridge Madingley. Cambridge CB3 BAA. U.K.
Steven P. R. Rose
Brain Research Group Department of Biology The Open University Milton Keynes MK7 6AA. U.K.
Wolfgang M. Schleidt
Department of Zoology University of Maryland College Park. Maryland 20742
P. J. B. Slater
Ethology and Neurophysiology Group School of Biology University of Sussex Brighton BNI 9QG. U.K.
Departments of Psychology and Zoology Duke University Durham. North Carolina 27706
Department of Psychology Clark University Worcester. Massachusetts 01610
Steven Vogel
Department of Zoology Duke University Durham. North Carolina 27706
R. Haven Wiley
Department of Zoology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill. North Carolina 27514
Kenneth R. Wing School of Public Health School of Law University of North Carolina Chapel Hill. North Carolina 27514
PERSPECTIVES IN ETHOLOGY Volume 4
Advantages of Diversity Edited by
P. P. G. Bateson Sub-Department of Animal Behaviour University of Cambridge Cambridge, England
and
Peter H. Klopfer Department of Zoology Duke University Durham, North Carolina
PLENUM PRESS • NEW YORK AND LONDON
Library of CongreS'l Cataloging in Publication Data
Bateson, Paul Patrick Gordon, 1938Pel'Spectiv~ in ethology_ Vol. 3 has special subtitle: Social behavior; v. 4 has special subtitle: Advantages of diversity. Includes bibliographies. 1. Animals, Habits and behavior of. I. Klopfer, Peter H., joint author. II. Title. QL751.B188 591.5 73-79427 ISBN 978-1-4615-7575-7 (cBook) ISBN 978-1-46 15-7577- 1 DOl 10.1007/978-1-4615-7575-7
Cl 1981 Plenum Press, New York Softcover reprint of the hardcoveT 1st edition 1981 A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 233 Spring StIcet, New York, N.Y. 10013 AU righu reserved No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any meanl, oIectronic, mechanical, photocopyin&, microfilming, recording, or otherwiJe, without written permission from tho Publisher
PREFACE One of the attractive features of the great classical ethologists was their readiness to ask different kinds of questions about behavior - and to do so without muddling the answers. Niko Tinbergen, for instance, was interested in the evolution of behavior. But he also had interests in the present-day survival value of a behavior pattern and in the mechanisms that control it from moment to moment. Broad as his interests were, he clearly separated out the problems and recognized that questions about the history, function, control, and development of behavior require distinct approaches - even though the answers to one type of question may aid in finding answers to another. The open-minded (and clear-headed) style of ethologists like Tinbergen
