Photochromic nanocellulose composite films with excellent anti-UV capacity
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Photochromic nanocellulose composite films with excellent anti‑UV capacity Runsheng Guo1 · Kui Hu1 · Peng He1 · Yonghao Ni1,2 · Kai Liu1 · Hui Wu1 · Liulian Huang1 · Lihui Chen1 Received: 25 March 2020 / Accepted: 11 September 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Recently, green and sustainable photochromic devices have attracted considerable attention in the research community. In this work, we report a novel ultraviolet (UV)-responsive nanocellulose film using ammonium molybdate as the photochromic dye. Meanwhile, trirthylene glycol (TEG) was incorporated to accelerate the light-responsive process. Therefore, the photochromic nanocellulose film exhibits a fast response photochromic ability and inherits the high transparency of the nanocellulose film. Moreover, the reversible photochromic of the film can be easily repeated. Importantly, the photochromic and fading processes can be precisely controlled and predicted by adjusting the outside temperature and the film composition. Interestingly, the photochromic cellulose films also have great UV blocking and biodegradability. In summary, this green nanocellulose based photochromic film has a giant potential for flexible light-memory devices. Keywords Photochromic · Nanocellulose film · UV-filtering · Biodegradable
1 Introduction Photochromic materials have received much attention in recent years because the color of them could be varied when exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light. Therefore, photochromic materials could be applied in recording and monitoring light conditions [1, 2], preparing reusable devices [3, 4] and photo-sensitive sensors [5, 6]. Various photochromic agents such as spiropyrane [7, 8], tungsten oxides [9], and diaryl heterocyclic ethylene [10] with reversible photochromic performance were often used to prepare photochromic materials in recently reported studies. However, some of the photochromic materials were toxic and environmentally unfriendly. Therefore, some low-cost and biologically * Yonghao Ni [email protected] * Kai Liu [email protected] 1
College of Materials Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City 350002, Fujian Province, China
Limerick Pulp and Paper Centre, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
2
harmless alternatives were urgently needed. For example, polyoxometalate (POMS) is a nontoxic, low-cost, and fast light-responsive material [11–13]. Ammonium molybdate (Mo7), as one of POMS, has been used as a photochromic agent. Recently, Yang and co-workers prepared flexible photochromic films using M o7 [14]. Sun and co-workers invented a rewritable paper by the addition of Mo7 [15]. Therefore, ammonium molybdate was an ideal photochromic agent for preparing photochromic materials. Besides photochromic agent, matrixes used in the preparation of photochromic materials were also important for the properties of them. High-cost and non-biodegradable matrixes in pho
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