Preparation of xylan bio-composite films reinforced with oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose and nanocellulose
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Preparation of xylan bio‑composite films reinforced with oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose and nanocellulose Ali Abdulkhani1 · Aysan Najd Mazhar1 · Sahab Hedjazi1 · Yahya Hamzeh1 Received: 10 September 2019 / Revised: 10 December 2019 / Accepted: 13 December 2019 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract Despite the vast availability and potential for use in biomaterials, application of xylan is highly restricted due to their hygroscopic nature and low mechanical strength. In this work, the xylan (Xy) from hot water extract of bagasse was successfully valorized by integration with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC) and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs). This work was conducted to blend different ratios of xylan, CMC, OCMC and CNF to provide compact bio-composite films with multi-functional characteristics. Xylan was isolated by using hot water treatment from bagasse, and OCMC was provided from selective oxidation of CMC with sodium periodate. The FTIR and XRD results confirmed the introduction of hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction in prepared biocomposite films. The tensile strength of the blended films improved by incorporation of the Xy-CMC with OCMC and CNF, and the WVP of the bio-composite films decreased. The maximum value of achieved tensile strength was 30 and 32 MPa for Xy-CMC/OCMC (codes A 1–A8) and Xy-CMC/CNF (codes B1–B8), respectively. The thermal stability of bio-composite films had been improved compared to the neat xylan films. The overall results advised that the blended films potentially could be used in the coating and packaging applications.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s0028 9-019-03075-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Ali Abdulkhani [email protected] 1
Department of Wood and Paper Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
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Vol.:(0123456789)
Polymer Bulletin
Graphic abstract Preparation of xylan bio-composite films reinforced with oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose and nanocellulose.
Keywords Bio-composite films · Xylan · Cellulose nanofiber · Oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose · Carboxymethyl cellulose
Introduction We live on a human-dominated planet, putting unprecedented pressure on the earth systems. We should start a transformative change in an ongoing process, probably, innovation, new ideas and new paradigms to deal with impacts of climate change. The successful use of renewable resources is a key element of sustainability [1]. Nature produces 170–200 billion tons of biomass every year; of this, currently, only 3–4% at most is utilized by humankind [1]. It is thus an important question of when the renewable materials increase their contribution in our material feedstock. In today’s world, plastics are the essential raw material of any packaging system. For over 50 years, synthetic polymers have been used as the ready-to-use alternatives for
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