Phylogenetic and morphometric relationships between two species of genus Auxis from the South China Sea and Java Sea
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Phylogenetic and morphometric relationships between two species of genus Auxis from the South China Sea and Java Sea HABIB Ahasan1, 2*, SULAIMAN Zohrah1, 3 1 Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku,
Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam 2 Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Sonapur-3814,
Noakhali, Bangladesh 3 Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
Received 28 September 2014; accepted 22 December 2015 ©The Chinese Society of Oceanography and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016
Abstract
This study was aimed at examining the phylogenetic and morphometric relationship of frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) and bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) using mtDNA D-loop (control) region sequences and truss measurements, respectively. Maximum-likelihood (ML) tree and median-joining network showed that haplotypes from Auxis populations grouped separately. Discriminant function analyses and non-metric multidimensional scaling of morphometric data showed that bullet and frigate tuna were differed mainly with respect to truss measurements on the anterior region, suggesting adaptation to different diets available in different environments. Historic demographic analyses of sequence data showed that both bullet and frigate tuna had not undergone a significant sudden population expansion recently. Non-significant value of Tajimas’s D and Fu’s FS were indicated an effective large and stable population size for longer period of both species in South China Sea and Java Sea species. This study gives first report on the complementary relationship between morphometric and genetic analysis in stock discrimination of genus Auxis. Key words: phylogenetic relationship, mtDNA D-loop, morphometric analysis, Auxis thazard, Auxis rochei Citation: Habib Ahasan, Sulaiman Zohrah. 2016. Phylogenetic and morphometric relationships between two species of genus Auxis from the South China Sea and Java Sea. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 35(10): 76–82, doi: 10.1007/s13131-016-0915-9
1 Introduction Tuna species are renowned for their high global economic value particularly well-known by the sashimi market (Guizani et al., 2005). The species, which the paper focuses, are for canned market. Two most commonly reported tuna in the Asian seas are the frigate tuna (Auxis thazard, Lacepede, 1800) and the bullet tuna (Auxis rochei, Risso, 1810). The frigate tuna has an ecological range within the top 50 m of warm waters overlying the continental shelf of the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans (Collette and Nauen, 1983; Kumar et al., 2012). The bullet tuna is highly migratory in nature and traverses within the top 10 m of the water in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific including the Mediterranean Sea (Collette and Aadland, 1996). Morphologically, they are differentiated generally by the width of corselet under the origin of the second dorsal fin and by the anterior extent of the dorsal scaleless area above the pectoral fin. There
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