Phylogeography of Southern European Refugia Evolutionary perspective

Phylogeography of Southern European Refugia provides the first synthesis of the remarkable diversity, evolutionary complexity, and conservation importance of the flora and fauna in the Mediterranean region, with emphasis on the three major peninsular refu

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Phylogeography of Southern European Refugia Evolutionary perspectives on the origins and conservation of European biodiversity

Edited by

Steven Weiss Karl-Franzens Universitat ¨ Graz, Austria and

Nuno Ferrand CIBIO, University of Porto, Portugal

A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13

1-4020-4903-X (HB) 978-1-4020-4903-3 (HB) 1-4020-4904-8 (e-book) 978-1-4020-4904-0 (e-book)

Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com

Graphical assistance was provided by Gabi Kriks, and the layout was done by Gabi Kriks and Estella Weiss-Krejci. Financial support was provided by CIBIO, Portugal and Karl-Franzens University of Graz, Austria

Cover photos: From left to right, photos 1-4 (Quercus leaf, Green frog, Wall lizard and Viper) are from Jorge Coutinho, and photo 5 (European rabbit) is from Paulo Magalhães

Printed on acid-free paper

All Rights Reserved © 2007 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

Contents Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Introduction Nuno Ferrand and Steven Weiss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Part I Historical foundations and perspectives 1

Twenty-five key evolutionary insights from the phylogeographic revolution in population genetics John C. Avise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2

Plant phylogeography based on organelle genes: an introduction Rémy J. Petit and Giovanni G. Vendramin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

Part II Broad phylogeographical studies 3

Phylogeography of South European mammals Ettore Randi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101

4

Longitudinal patterns in species richness and genetic diversity in European oaks and oak gallwasps Rachel J. Atkinson, Antonis Rokas and Graham N. Stone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127

Part III Emerging phylogeographical patterns in a southern European refugium: the Iberian Peninsula 5

Refugia within refugia: patterns of phylogeographic concordance in the Iberian Peninsula Africa Gómez and David H. Lunt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

6

Historical biogeography and conser