Physio-biochemical and molecular assessment of Iron (Fe 2+ ) toxicity responses in contrasting indigenous aromatic Joha
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Physio-biochemical and molecular assessment of Iron (Fe2+) toxicity responses in contrasting indigenous aromatic Joha rice cultivars of Assam, India Preetom Regon 1 & Sangita Dey 1 & Bhaben Chowardhara 1 Bhaben Tanti 3 & Sanjib Kumar Panda 1,4
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Bedabrata Saha 2
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Saradia Kar 1
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Received: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 13 October 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Iron (Fe) toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses which limits the yield of lowland rice. This study aims to investigate the physiological, biochemical, and molecular aspects of two contrasting aromatic Joha rice, viz., Keteki and Kola Joha of Assam. Oxidative damage caused due to Fe2+ toxicity was quantitatively determined. Fe2+ toxicity in the growth medium increases the level of ROS and anti-oxidative enzyme activity. Along with the aforementioned damage caused due to Fe2+ toxicity, chlorophyll content decreases in both the rice varieties. Detection of Fe3+ and Fe2+ was also conducted by Perls’ Prussian and Turnbull blue method, respectively. In addition, spectrophotometric quantification of Fe2+ was determined by 2, 2′-Bipyridyl (Bpy). Above 2.5 mM, Fe2+ toxicity was found to be lethal in rice seedlings affecting their total growth and biomass. Gene expression analysis of iron-regulated transporter 1 (OsIRT1), Yellow Stripe-Like 15 (OsYSL15), and ferritin 1 (OsFer1) revealed the differential gene expression over a time period of Fe2+ toxicity. Our study suggested that the different parameters which are considered here can be helpful for the better understanding of how aromatic Joha rice performed under Fe2+ toxicity which can also help to reveal broader aspects that how gene players are involved in the iron homeostasis mechanism in Joha rice in coming future. Keywords Aromatic Joha rice . Fe2+ toxicity . Bronzing . Perls’ staining
Abbreviation Fe Iron Fe2+ Ferrous ion Fe3+ Ferric ion CAT Catalase
SOD POX MDA
Handling Editor: Handling Editor: Bhumi Nath Tripathi
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-020-01574-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Sanjib Kumar Panda [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam 788011, India
2
School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
3
Department of Botany, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam 781014, India
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Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer 305817, India
Superoxide dismutase Peroxidase Malondialdehyde
Iron (Fe) is an important micronutrient required for the proper growth and development of plants. It is essential for chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and respiration (Becker and Asch 2005; Schmidt et al. 2020). However, excess Fe is reported to be very toxic for the plants. Fe toxicity occurs mainly in lowland flooded soils with low pH. I
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