Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Behavior and Toxicity
This book reviews Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Nitropolycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (NPAHs) contamination in the context of environmental pollution in Asia. It is comprised of the following sections: 1. Fundamental Chemistry and General Ch
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Behavior and Toxicity in East Asia
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Kazuichi Hayakawa Editor
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Environmental Behavior and Toxicity in East Asia
Editor Kazuichi Hayakawa Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology Kanazawa University Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
ISBN 978-981-10-6774-7 ISBN 978-981-10-6775-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6775-4 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017964506 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Printed on acid-free paper This Springer imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
At the beginning of the twenty-first century, atmospheric and marine environmental problems in Asia came to attract much global interest. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported that in 2012, an estimated 6.5 million deaths (11.6% of all global deaths) were associated with indoor and outdoor air pollution and some 3 million deaths a year were linked to exposure to air pollutants such as ambient fine particulates (PM2.5). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are produced through the incomplete combustion of organic matter (e.g., coal combustion, automobile engines, incinerators, smoking, cooking, biomass burning in forests, slash-and-burn agriculture, etc.). Through these processes, PAHs such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) such as 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) have become ubiquitous environmental organic pollutants. Several PAHs such as BaP are carcinogenic and mutagenic, and several NPAHs such as 1-NP and its further nitrated products are highly mutagenic.
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