Phytochemicals, Trace Element Contents, and Antioxidant Activities of Bark of Taleh ( Acacia seyal ) and Desert Rose ( A
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Phytochemicals, Trace Element Contents, and Antioxidant Activities of Bark of Taleh (Acacia seyal) and Desert Rose (Adenium obesum) Mohamed H. A. Suleiman 1,2
&
Eid I. Brima 1,3
Received: 24 July 2020 / Accepted: 5 October 2020 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Acacia seyal and Adenium obesum are used in traditional medicines by indigenous communities of the Asir region of Saudi Arabia. The present study aimed to acquire the phytochemical profiles, quantify the trace element contents and the total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents, and evaluate the antioxidant activity of the two species. Phytochemical screening was conducted to detect the presence of the phytochemical constituents. Bark samples were digested with a microwave, and ICP-MS was used for the elemental analysis. The antioxidant capacities in DPPH, H2O2, and FRAP assays and the TPC and TFC were determined by spectrophotometry, and their correlation with the IC50 of the DPPH and H2O2 and the EC50 of the FRAP capacities were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation. Both plant extracts contain a variety of phytochemicals. A. obesum had the highest concentrations of all 11 elements measured. In both plants, manganese was found at the highest concentration, and cadmium exhibited the lowest concentration. The aqueous-methanolic extract of A. seyal showed the highest TPC (309.32 ± 2.15 mg gallic acid equivalent/g), whereas the aqueous-methanolic extract of A. obesum exhibited the highest TFC (32.16 ± 3.16 mg quercetin equivalent/g). Significant differences in the IC50 and EC50 values were observed among the tested plant extracts. The highest antioxidant activity was found in aqueous-methanolic extract of A. obesum. Correlation analysis showed significant correlations between the DPPH and FRAP activities and the TFC. The present findings highlight that these plants are good sources of phenolic compounds and essential elements and support their therapeutic use as antioxidant drugs. Keywords Trace elements . Phytochemicals . Antioxidant . Medicinal plants . ICP-MS
Introduction Medicinal plants are still used in many countries as a source of therapeutically active constituents for the treatment of various diseases [1]. Therefore, interest in investigating the chemical constituents of medicinal plants and estimating their bioactivities is increasing around the world. The major bioactive organic compounds in plants are generally well known, but the composition and concentration of trace elements in medicinal plants are not well understood [2]. Trace elements play
* Mohamed H. A. Suleiman [email protected] 1
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir 61413, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Kordofan, El Obeid, Sudan
3
School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
important roles in some medicinal plants due to their role in the formation of the active chemical
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