Phytoplankton indicator taxa for reference conditions in Northern and Central European lowland lakes
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WATER BODIES IN EUROPE
Phytoplankton indicator taxa for reference conditions in Northern and Central European lowland lakes Marko Ja¨rvinen • Stina Drakare • Gary Free • Anne Lyche-Solheim Geoff Phillips • Birger Skjelbred • Ute Mischke • Ingmar Ott • Sandra Poikane • Martin Søndergaard • Agnieszka Pasztaleniec • Jeroen Van Wichelen • Robert Portielje
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Received: 18 April 2012 / Accepted: 31 August 2012 / Published online: 20 October 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012
Abstract Phytoplankton data from 606 lakes were used to characterize indicator taxa of near-pristine reference conditions in clearwater and humic lowland lakes of Northern and Central Europe. Reference lakes
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10750-012-1315-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Guest editors: C. K. Feld, A. Borja, L. Carvalho & D. Hering / Water bodies in Europe: integrative systems to assess ecological status and recovery
were selected based on low pressure from catchment land-use, low population density and the absence of point sources. Reference lakes had low phytoplankton biomass and taxa richness compared to non-reference lakes. In low alkalinity lakes of Northern Europe, the reference communities had high biomass proportions of chrysophytes and low proportions of cyanobacteria; in the Central European high alkalinity lakes, the biomass was distributed more evenly among algal groups. Indicator species analysis and similarity analysis listed 5–29 taxa indicating reference conditions. Indicator taxa differed especially between the
M. Ja¨rvinen (&) Freshwater Centre, The Jyva¨skyla¨ Office, Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE), Survontie 9 (Technopolis), 40500 Jyva¨skyla¨, Finland e-mail: [email protected]
U. Mischke Department of Shallow Lakes and Lowland Rivers, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Mu¨ggelseedamm 310, 12587 Berlin, Germany
S. Drakare Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7050, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
I. Ott Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Limnology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, 61117 Rannu Parish, Tartu, Estonia
G. Free Environmental Protection Agency, Richview, Clonskeagh Road, Dublin, Ireland
S. Poikane Institute for Environment and Sustainability, EC Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy
A. Lyche-Solheim B. Skjelbred Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalle´en 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway
M. Søndergaard Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
G. Phillips South East Regional Office, Environment Agency (EA), Kings Meadow Road, Reading, Berkshire RG1 8DQ, UK
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low alkalinity and the high alkalinity lakes, but there were also country-specific differences. Most common indicator taxa for the northern reference lakes were chrysophytes (e.g. Bitrichia, Dinobryon). In the Central European reference
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