Plant Somatic Embryogenesis: Modulatory Role of Oxidative Stress
- PDF / 1,908,813 Bytes
- 5 Pages / 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page_size
- 35 Downloads / 312 Views
REVIEW
Plant Somatic Embryogenesis: Modulatory Role of Oxidative Stress De´bora de Oliveira Prudente1
•
Lucas Batista de Souza1 • Renato Paiva1
Received: 21 March 2019 / Revised: 22 July 2019 / Accepted: 19 August 2019 Ó The National Academy of Sciences, India 2019
Abstract Plant somatic embryogenesis (PSE) provides several advantages when compared to other in vitro propagation methods of tissue culture. All factors affecting PSE are not known. Some prominent stress factors in tissue culture are serious injuries in explants, subcultures, unbalanced mineral composition of the culture medium and growth regulators, etc. The present review would focus on induction Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), which lies fairly downstream of the cascade of various stress processes outlined above. The central question the present authors ask is—whether ROS generation is all for toxic or there is some amount of benefit to the somatic embryogenesis. The increasing interest in the functional meaning of ROS and the antioxidant response concomitant to growth, development and cell differentiation in plants suggest a link between ROS production and morphogenetic processes of plants. The authors in this review article consider hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as a model ROS which is omnipresent and naturally generated in a variety of normal cell types, either constitutively or in response to various stimuli. A review of the concerned literature suggests that endogenous H2O2 acts as a cellular ‘messenger’ capable of inducing gene expression and protein synthesis, thus leading to somatic embryogenesis in some plant species.
Significance Statement The cellular oxidative stress caused by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) can act as a sign on the growth, development and cell differentiation in plants. Thus, some ROS such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in suitable concentrations can act by activating specific morphogenic pathways to promote the induction of embryogenic cells. & De´bora de Oliveira Prudente [email protected] 1
Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, MG, Brazil
Keywords Plant somatic embryogenesis H2O2 ROS Reactive oxygen species
Introduction Somatic embryogenesis is an in vitro cultivation technique where isolated cells or a small group of somatic cells give rise to embryos in a morphogenetic sequence, which is close to the representative events of zygotic embryogenesis [1, 2]. Two patterns of somatic embryogenesis occur in vitro. The first is related to the direct model in which somatic embryos arise from a mother tissue with no formation of intermediate stages. The second corresponds to the indirect model in which embryos are formed from one callus, representing several differentiation stages [3, 4]. The competence for somatic embryogenesis involves a complex process, including induction and dedifferentiation, cell reactivation, changes in cell division plans, reprogramming explant metabolism and development [5]. Changes in embryo development are visibly undergoing typical stages of zygotic embryogenesis, i.e., glo
Data Loading...
