Plasma Turbulence in the Solar System
Dynamics of astrophysical systems is often described by plasma physics, yet understanding the nature of plasma turbulence remains as a challenge in physics in both theories and experiments. This book is an up-to-date summary and review of recent results i
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Editorial Board Egor Babaev, University of Massachusetts, USA Malcolm Bremer, University of Bristol, UK Xavier Calmet, University of Sussex, Sussex, UK Francesca Di Lodovico, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK Maarten Hoogerland, University of Auckland, New Zealand Eric Le Ru, University of Wellington, New Zealand James Overduin, Towson University, USA Vesselin Petkov, Concodia University, UK Charles H. -T. Wang, The University of Aberdeen, UK Andrew Whitaker, Queen’s University Belfast, UK
For further volumes: http://www.springer.com/series/8902
Yasuhito Narita
Plasma Turbulence in the Solar System
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Yasuhito Narita Institut für Geophysik und extraterrestrische Physik Technische Universität Braunschweig Mendelssohnstraße 3 D-38106 Braunschweig Germany e-mail: [email protected]
ISSN 2191-5423 ISBN 978-3-642-25666-0 DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-25667-7
e-ISSN 2191-5431 e-ISBN 978-3-642-25667-7
Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2011943321 Ó The Author(s) 2012 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Violations are liable to prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Turbulence represents random motions of flow, and is one of the common experiences in our daily life as can be seen in air and water flow. Whether or not turbulence exists in the extraterrestrial world turns out to be one of the fundamental questions in understanding astrophysical systems. Stellar dynamics, interplanetary and interstellar space, cosmic ray, and accretion disks - these systems are largely maintained by the existence of turbulence, but their dynamical behaviors are substantially different from that of ordinary gas or fluid, since the medium is an ionized gas, called the plasma, and is electrically conducting. Plasma turbulence is a challenge in physics both in theories and observations, and the aim of this book is to review plasma turbulence on the introductory level and also to review recent developments and knowledge obtained by Cluster, the multi-spacecraft mission. Cluster is a four-spacecraft mission in near-Earth space and has enabled us for the first time to determine spatial structures of space plasma dynamics. Different branches of phy
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