Positron Emission Tomography

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.UCLEARÈ-EDICINEÈ 4ECHNOLOGY 2EVIEWÈ1UESTIONSÈ FORÈTHEÈ"OARDÈ %XAMINATIONS 4HIRDÈ%DITION

 

Ramer . Alavi

Nuclear Medicine Technology

K. Ramer

A. Alavi

Nuclear Medicine Technology Review Questions for the Board Examinations Third Edition

Karen Ramer, B. A., CNMT Bystrická 64, 90033 Marianka, Slovakia Abass Alavi, M.D. Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania 177 Donner Building, 3400 Spruce Street 19104-4283 Philadelphia, PA, USA

ISBN 978-3-540-79969-6 e-ISBN 978-3-540-79970-2 DOI 10.1007/978-3-540-79970-2 Library of Congress Catalog Number: 2008927064 © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg This work is subject to copyright. All rights reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Cover design: Frido Steinen-Broo, eStudio Calamar, Spain Printed on acid-free paper 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 springer.com

Acknowledgments

As in earlier editions, many thanks go to Dr. Abass Alavi; without his support this book would not exist. It is a pleasure and privilege to work with Ms. Dörthe Mennecke-Bühler, Dr. Ute Heilman, Ms. Wilma McHugh and their colleagues at SpringerVerlag. I would also like to thank Mr. Frank Gontowski for igniting my interest in nuclear medicine technology and for being a highly valued friend. K.R.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1

2 Radioactivity, Radiopharmacy, and Quality Assurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

3 Radiation Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

19

4 Instrumentation and Quality Assurance . . . . . . . . . .

31

5 Image Presentation and Computers. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

45

6 Skeletal System Scintigraphy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

49

7 Central Nervous System Scintigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . .

59

8 Cardiovascular System Scintigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . .

67

9 Respiratory System Scintigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

83

10

Gastrointestinal Tract Scintigraphy . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

93

11

Genitourinary System Scintigraphy . . . . . . .