Possible syntheses of unknown superheavy 309,312 126 nuclei
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Possible syntheses of unknown superheavy 309,312126 nuclei Nguyen Nhu Le1 · Nguyen Quang Hung2,3 · Tran Viet Nhan Hao1 · Le Tan Phuc2,3 · Nguyen Duy Ly4 · Kyung Yuk Chae6 · Nguyen Ngoc Duy5,6 Received: 6 June 2020 / Accepted: 5 September 2020 © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2020
Abstract In this paper, we theoretically investigate 21 projectile-target combinations of stable isotopes for the pre-synthesis parameters and production cross sections of the unknown superheavy 309,312126 nuclei. It is found that 61Ni + 248Cf and 64Ni + 248Cf combinations are the best candidates for the synthesis of the 309,312126 isotopes due to their largest cross sections of 0.03 and 3.6 pb, respectively. Besides, the results in the present and previous works indicate that the uncertainty, from pb to zb, in the synthesis cross sections of superheavy nuclei should be narrowed for a decision of measurements using the presently available facilities. This study, thus, provides valuable data for the synthesis of 126th element. Keywords Fusion reaction · Cross section · Survival probability · Compound nucleus · Fission
Introduction The synthesis of superheavy nuclei (SHN) is important to explore the number of elements existing in the universe and the physics behind it. The study of SHN expands our understanding on different structure properties of atomic nuclei such as the shell closure, single-particle structure, decay modes, and nucleus–nucleus interaction. For instance, the shell closures at Z = 108 and N = 162 predicted by macroscopic-microscopic calculations in Refs. [1–3] were experimentally confirmed by performing the synthesis of a deformed 270Hs nucleus via a fusion reaction of 26 Mg + 248Cm with a cross section of 3 pb [4]. Following * Nguyen Ngoc Duy [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Faculty of Physics, University of Education, Hue University, 34 Le Loi Street, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
2
Institute of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Duy Tan University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
3
Faculty of Natural Sciences, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
4
Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vanlang University, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
5
Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
6
Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
the predictions of macroscopic-microscopic [5–7] and non-relativistic/relativistic mean-field [8–12] approaches, other shell closures at Z = 120, 124, and 126 and N = 184 have been predicted to exist in SHN [7, 13–16]. It has been shown in Refs. [17–19] that the shell effects could affect the evaporation-residual cross section of the SHN production. The neutron separation energy and Q-value of the α-decay are also additional evidences for the shell closures in SHN. Therefore, the nuclear properties can be revealed based on the information obtained from the synthesis and α-decay of SHN. From the theoretical aspects, although several models have been proposed to predict t
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