Potamogeton crispus responses to varying water depth in morphological plasticity and physiological traits
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Potamogeton crispus responses to varying water depth in morphological plasticity and physiological traits Lei Wang 1 & Xuan Wang 1 & Xiaohui Han 2 & Yuxuan Gao 1 & Baogui Liu 1 & Xinhou Zhang 1
&
Guoxiang Wang 1
Received: 24 March 2020 / Accepted: 9 September 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Submerged macrophytes, important primary producers in shallow lakes, play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem structure and function. By altering a series of environmental factors, especially light intensity, water depth has great influences on growth of submerged macrophytes. Here, by hanging pots statically at water depths of 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, and 220 cm, respectively, we investigated effects of water depths on morphological plasticity and physiological traits of Potamogeton crispus. At 40 and 60 cm water depths versus other water depths, P. crispus showed lower plant height, larger stem diameter, thicker leaves, and smaller leaf area, leaf length, and specific leaf area. With water depth increasing, the plant height, leaf area, and leaf length gradually increased until 160 cm water depth, while the stem diameter and leaf thickness gradually decreased until 200 cm water depth. In comparison, the plant height, leaf length, and leaf number significantly decreased when the water depth further increased to 180–220 cm. The leaves contained lower concentrations of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase at 100–160 cm water depth, and lower catalase concentrations at 40–140 cm water depth, especially at 80–100 cm. In shallow waters, the concentration of chlorophyll a and b in leaves were both lower, while the ratio of chlorophyll a to b was relatively higher. As the water depth of 40–220 cm, the chlorophyll a and b concentrations increased significantly with increasing water depth, while their ratio gradually decreased. The present study provides new insights into the adaptation strategies of submerged macrophytes to the variation in water levels, and our findings are beneficial for ecosystem construction and management. Keywords Antioxidant enzyme . Morphological plasticity . Potamogeton crispus . Submerged macrophyte . Water depth
Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10806-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Xinhou Zhang [email protected]
Yuxuan Gao [email protected]
* Guoxiang Wang [email protected]
Baogui Liu [email protected]
Lei Wang [email protected] Xuan Wang [email protected] Xiaohui Han [email protected]
1
School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
2
School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
Environ Sci Pollut Res
Introduction In shallow lakes, submerged macrophytes play a major role in maintaining ecosystem structure and function (Søndergaard et al. 2010; Li et al. 2017). They are not only important prim
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