Potato Breeding for Nitrogen-Use Efficiency: Constraints, Achievements, and Future Prospects
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J. Crop Sci. Biotech. 2018 (September) 21 (3) : 269 ~ 281 DOI No. 10.1007/s12892-018-0014-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE
Potato Breeding for Nitrogen-Use Efficiency: Constraints, Achievements, and Future Prospects Baye Berihun Getahun* Amhara Agricultural Research Institute, ARARI, Adet Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 08, Bahirdar, Ethiopia Received: January 25, 2018 / Revised: May 05, 2018 / Accepted: June 09, 2018 Ⓒ Korean Society of Crop Science and Springer 2018
Abstract In this review, the genetic potential and efforts made on different aspects of potato breeding for nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) and the possible physiological and genetic mechanisms determining NUE in potato in relation to other model crops are presented. Strategies to utilize the diverse gene pool of potato and improve the NUE in contrasting N environments are currently evaluated under field conditions using different selection approaches. So far, focused efforts have been made on the identification of potato genotypic differences which will allow for the analysis of specific components of nitrogen-use efficiency and the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on a range of physiological processes and morphological traits of potato. To my knowledge, despite the availability of genome sequence and QTLs identified for NUE and related agronomic and physiological traits in potato, and genomic information from other model crops, candidate genes on NUE have not yet been identified in potato. To maximize the success rate of potato breeding for NUE, basic knowledge how plants respond to different N regimes and other environmental conditions and use of DNA marker technology are vital. Key words : Potato, nitrogen-use efficiency, QTLs
Introduction Agriculture faces the challenge to increase productivity to meet the demands of a growing world population while preserving the environment without depleting natural resources. Nitrogen fertilization plays an essential role in realizing high agricultural production systems; however N is the major source of agriculture-related pollution through leaching (Gouis et al. 2000). It was estimated that 50-70% of the nitrogen applied to the soil is lost (Hodge et al. 2000). Application of surplus nitrogen beyond the utilization capacity of the crops leads to nitrate pollution of ground water (Bertin and Gallais 2000). On the other hand, nitrogen deficiency limits agricultural output. This deficiency could mainly be due to suboptimal application of N fertilizer because of high costs relative to low economic returns and/or limited availability of N to the plant as a result of drought, frost, or excessive leaching of nitrate (Laffite and Edmeades 1994). Thus, to improve NUE of crops including potato is of great importance for sustainable agriculture and food security not only now but also so in the future. Baye Berihun Getahun () Email: [email protected]
The Korean Society of Crop Science
NUE is defined by different authors in different ways depending on the objective of the study and the crop under study. For example, Moll
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