Potential Malignant Disorders
The prevalence of oral cancer in the Indian subcontinent is among the highest of all cancers, though it is the sixth most common worldwide [1]. It has been suggested that a significant number of oral cancer cases are preceded by visible clinical changes i
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Management of Oral Cancers
Sudhir Bahadur • Subramania Iyer Editors
Management of Oral Cancers
Editors Sudhir Bahadur Former Professor of Otolaryngology All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi, India
Subramania Iyer Centre for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre Kochi, Kerala, India
ISBN 978-981-15-6498-7 ISBN 978-981-15-6499-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6499-4 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publishers, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publishers, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishers nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publishers remain neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Co-publishing partnership between Byword Books Private Limited and Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
The incidence of oral cavity cancer is high worldwide, making it among the most common cancers. The incidence is particularly high in Southeast Asian countries due to widespread consumption of tobacco and alcohol. Despite increasing awareness, most patients still are diagnosed with advanced disease (stage III and IV) and thus pose considerable challenge in management. The tumor board consisting of multidisciplinary team including head and neck surgeons and radiation and medical oncologists has become a standard practice to discuss the initial workup and diagnosis and to implement the treatment protocol. However, decision making is complex and demanding. Prognosis is largely based on the site, stage, nodal metastasis, and final histopathology of disease. Surgery, either alone or with adjuvant radiation or chemo-radiation, is the mainstay of treatment, though radiation alone has been used to treat early lesions in some centers. Since there is a high incidence of occult metastasis even in early cancer, the role of elective neck dissection has been established in the treatment of No necks. Ho
