Preparation and characterization of dexamethasone polymeric nanoparticle by membrane emulsification method
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RESEARCH PAPER
Preparation and characterization of dexamethasone polymeric nanoparticle by membrane emulsification method Rebaz Ali
Received: 18 March 2020 / Accepted: 22 September 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The objective of this study was to prepare and characterize dexamethasone polymeric nanoparticles by membrane emulsification method. Shirasu porous glass was used as a membrane for the emulsification process. The mean particle size was determined by photon correlation spectroscopy, and the drug release test was performed in the dialysis cell. The size of nanoparticles was increased with increasing applied pressure, membrane pore size, the polymeric content of the oily phase, and oil/aqueous phase ratio and replacing chloroform with dichloromethane. As ethanol content in the organic solvent increased (0, 2.5, and 5% w/w), dexamethasone solubility was increased (0.35, 3.5, and 6.4 mg/g, respectively) with a minimal effect on the particle size. The agitation speed of 800 rpm is needed to ensure the oil phase-membrane detachment. Encapsulation efficiency was higher, and the drug release was faster from Eudragit ® RL and RS nanoparticles than ethylcellulose nanoparticles. For polymeric nanoparticles, size differences have no impact on the drug release. It is concluded that the particle size could be controlled by an organic solvent and polymer type in addition to process parameters in the membrane emulsification technique. Additionally, zero-order release kinetic could be achieved from polymeric nanoparticles.
R. Ali (*) Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Kelchstr. 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany e-mail: [email protected]
Keywords Membrane emulsification technique . Shirasu porous glass . Ethylcellulose and Eudragit® nanoparticles . Dexamethasone . Drug release
Introduction Skin is the largest organ in the body that covers about 16% of an individual’s total body weight (Kamble et al. 2017). Historically, it has been used for topical drug delivery, and corticosteroids are the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs used for skin diseases. Fast corticosteroid release with a high concentration at the application site causes a serious side effect such as skin atrophy (Schoepe et al. 2006) that could be alleviated by applying controlled-release formulations. Nano-size systems to deliver anti-inflammatory drugs for topical use attracted attention (Shakeel et al. 2007). Drug targeting, increased drug permeation through the skin, and controlling drug release are reported as advantages of nanoparticles for topical drug delivery (Schäfer-Korting et al. 2007; Küchler et al. 2009; Sahle et al. 2016). Three folds deeper penetration of nanoparticles are reported in inflamed skin, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands compared for the same size particles on healthy skin (Abdel-Mottaleb et al. 2012). Besides, an improved drug localization in the epidermis was achieved with the polymeric nanoparticle; the accumulation of the polymeric carrier was four folds
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