Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) Nanofibers-reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites
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Preparation and Characterization of Electrospun Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) Nanofibers-reinforced Epoxy Matrix Composites
Jae-Rock Lee†,1, Soo-Jin Park1, Min-Kang Seo1, Joung-Man Park2
1
Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yusong, Daejeon 305-600, KOREA, 2 Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Engineering Research Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju, 660-701, KOREA ABSTRACT In this work, electrospinning was carried out using 12 wt.% poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) solution under fixed tip-to-collect distance (10 cm) and voltage (15 kV) in order to fabricate nanofibers-reinforced composites. The content of PEO nanofibers was varied from 0 to 10 wt.% in the epoxy (EP) matrix resins. And the PEO powders-impregnated composites were also prepared to compare with physicochemecal properties of nanofibers-reinforced composites. Thermal and mechanical interfacial properties of EP/PEO nanocomposites were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fracture toughness test, respectively. As a result, the PEO-based nanofibers-reinforced composites showed an improvement of thermal stability parameters (initial decomposed temperature (IDT) and integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT)) and fracture toughness factors (KIC and GIC), compared to the composites impregnated with PEO powders. And the thermal and mechanical interfacial properties of the composites were increased with increasing the PEO content, which could be probably attributed to the higher specific surface area and larger aspect ratio of PEO nanofibers, resulting in improving the demand performance of the nanocomposites.
INTRODUCTION Electrostatic generation of ultrafine fibers (electrospinning) has been known since the 1930s [1]. This technique has been recently rediscovered for applications such as high performance filters [2,3] and for scaffolds in tissue engineering [2,4] that utilize the unique characteristics of the high surface area (~103 m2/g) provided by the fibers. In this non-mechanical, electrostatic
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technique, a high electric field is generated between a polymer fluid contained in a glass syringe with a capillary tip and a metallic collection screen. When the voltage reaches a critical value, the charge overcomes the surface tension of the deformed drop of the suspended polymer solution formed on the tip of the syringe, and a jet is produced. The electrically charged jet undergoes a series of electrically induced bending instabilities during its passage to the collection screen that results in the hyper-stretching of the jet. This stretching process is accompanied by the rapid evaporation of the solvent molecules that reduces the diameter of the jet, in a coneshaped volume called the "envelope cone". The dry fibers are accumulated on the surface of the collection screen resulting in a non-woven mesh of nano to micron diameter fibers. The process can be adjusted to control the fiber diameter by varying the charge density and polymer solution concentrat
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