Prestimulus Neural Oscillations Contribute to Recollection and Familiarity
Humans may experience qualitatively different memory retrieval when recognizing a previously encountered stimulus, such as recollection and familiarity. We present evidence for differences in theta and alpha oscillation amplitude during encoding and durin
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Abstract Humans may experience qualitatively different memory retrieval when recognizing a previously encountered stimulus, such as recollection and familiarity. We present evidence for differences in theta and alpha oscillation amplitude during encoding and during the preparatory period before encoding of the later recognized stimulus. Additionally, fronto-posterior phase locking in theta frequency was increased right before encoding recollection. We suggest that oscillatory activity and coordination during the prestimulus period may already influence the qualitative nature of stimulus encoding in memory.
F. Kleberg () RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), Saitama, Japan Department of Systems Science, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan e-mail: [email protected] K. Kitajo RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), Saitama, Japan PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Saitama, Japan Rhythm-based Brain Computation Unit, RIKEN BSI-TOYOTA Collaboration Center, Saitama, Japan M. Kawasaki RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), Saitama, Japan Rhythm-based Brain Computation Unit, RIKEN BSI-TOYOTA Collaboration Center, Saitama, Japan Y. Yamaguchi Laboratory for Dynamics of Emergent Intelligence, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako City, Japan Y. Yamaguchi (ed.), Advances in Cognitive Neurodynamics (III), DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-4792-0 95, © Springer ScienceCBusiness Media Dordrecht 2013
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1 Introduction When judging whether an item has been encountered before, one may experience recollecting the episodic context in which it was first encountered, or one may simply know that it has been encountered before, but nothing about when or where. These phenomena are termed recollection and familiarity, respectively [18]. There is mounting evidence that these subjective experiences may result from two distinct retrieval mechanisms in human recognition memory. The differences are already apparent in psychophysical paradigms. For instance, if subjects are instructed to make speeded responses, recollection at retrieval is significantly diminished, while familiarity is spared [11]. Retrieval by recollection does seem to include associative memory, whereas retrieval by familiarity does not [33]. Additionally, BOLD responses in fMRI studies have shown that medial temporal lobe and prefrontal areas are engaged in encoding of familiarity and recollection, respectively [14], and within the MTL, additional distinctions have been shown [4, 6], as well as in the parietal cortex [34]. However, some studies show that both retrieval processes are at least partly supported by the same structures [10, 15]. Both recollection and familiarity are associated with different event-related potential (ERP) responses during memory encoding and retrieval [8, 30]. A recent ERP study additionally suggests that parietal areas may be specifically involved in signaling the subjective memory experience [1]. Although numerous behavioural, fMRI or ERP recording-based studies have tackled the issue of
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