Production of Spherical Metal Powder for Additive Technology
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uction of Spherical Metal Powder for Additive Technology K. V. Lebedinskiia, * and N. E. Kurnosova aPenza
State University, Penza, Russia *e-mail: [email protected]
Received October 22, 2019; revised November 26, 2019; accepted December 5, 2019
Abstract—A system is described for producing spherical metal powder (particle size 0.5–100 μm), with specified granulometric composition. Keywords: metal powder, spraying, particle size, spherical particles DOI: 10.3103/S1068798X20080146
The adoption of additive technology in manufacturing is rapidly expanding. In that context, the production of metal powder is of particular interest. From such powder, by additive technology, high-performance components of different size and function may be produced, to high precision. This is also an expedient method of producing prototypes [1]. As additive technologies develop, we note an accompanying increase in the demand for powders of various metals with specified parameters [2]. A major problem for additive technology is that it is difficult to produce metal powder with the required particle size and shape (spherical) and equally to find the broad range of metals required. Currently, most of the powder employed corresponds to a narrow range of metals and is produced in small batches. That is extremely inexpedient in prototyping and the identification of manufacturing designs that are reliable and strong and have other valuable characteristics [3]. Analysis of existing production methods for metal powder shows that spraying is the most effective. Its benefits include high productivity and relative simplicity. In addition, it may be used to produce small batches of particular powders. However, spraying is also characterized by high energy expenditures, problems in producing spherical particles, the need for subsequent sifting of the powder, and inability to regulate the granulometric composition. We have developed a system for producing fine spherical metal powder with specified granulometric composition. It consists of a melting chamber, a sprayer, a spraying chamber, and a powder receptacle. The melting chamber takes the form of a cylindrical crucible with an inductive heater. The sprayer consists of a pneumatic vortex ejection nozzle with a mobile baffle at the aerosol exit. The spraying chamber is a
cylindrical column of variable height. An inductive heater mounted around the column may be moved along the column relative to the sprayer. The powder receptacle takes the form of an impactor of labyrinthine type. As we see in Fig. 1, the system consists of a cylindrical crucible 1 with an inductive heater 2; a sprayer 3 with a mobile baffle 4; a cylindrical column 5 with an inductive heater 6; and a powder receptacle 7. In the melting chamber with an inductive heater, the metal is melted and stored in liquid form. The heater permits adjustment of the temperature for different metals. The pneumatic vortex ejection nozzle allows the liquid metal to be simultaneously sprayed and ejected from the melting chamber, thanks to the low pr
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