Properties of titanium oxide hollow structure layer for photocatalysis prepared by liquid phase deposition
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Properties of titanium oxide hollow structure layer for photocatalysis prepared by liquid phase deposition Jung‑Jie Huang1 · Chien‑Sheng Huang2 · Jui‑Yu Wang3 · Meng‑Lin Chen1 Received: 29 March 2020 / Accepted: 29 May 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Through liquid phase deposition (LPD) of TiO2 photocatalyst films on an 800 nm polystyrene (PS) microsphere template, this study prepared a porous, LPD-TiO2 hollow layer (HL) with high specific surface area. An aqueous solution of ammonium hexafluorotitanate mixed with boric acid was used to prepare a TiO2 photocatalyst film. The effects of H3BO3 concentration and PS microsphere solid content on the surface morphology, film composition, and photocatalytic property of the films were investigated. The findings revealed that the LPD-TiO2 hollow film prepared using 0.6 M H3BO3 and a substrate containing 0.4 wt% PS microspheres had higher specific surface area and hydrophilicity than a LPD-TiO2 dense layer (DL). Such properties considerably increase the degradation efficiency of a photocatalyst film. After 6 h, the degradation achieved by the LPD-TiO2 hollow layer prepared using a substrate with PS microsphere concentration of 0.4 wt% was 90.7%, whereas that achieved by the dense LPD-TiO2 was only 64.7%. Moreover, the porous, hollow LPD-TiO2 film exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance and may be widely applied to environmental purification in the future. Keywords TiO2 · Polystyrene microsphere · Photocatalysis · Hollow layer
1 Introduction Continual technological advancement and industrial development increase people’s quality of life but also have negative impacts on the environment. Awareness of environmental protection has gradually increased in recent years. Each country has developed its own research indicators with respect to methods for purifying air and removing organic compounds from water. Such organic compound removal methods include absorption, adsorption, incineration, condensation, biological treatment, and photocatalysis. Photocatalysts are one of the most popular topics of research because they are cheap, highly stable and do not cause * Jung‑Jie Huang [email protected] 1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan, ROC
2
Department of Electronic Engineering, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 640, Taiwan, ROC
3
Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin 640, Taiwan, ROC
secondary pollution [1]. Photocatalysis involves irradiation of a photocatalyst by ultraviolet light, generating electron–hole pairs. Capable of generating oxygen and hydroxyl radicals, electron-holes have high oxidizing ability. Electrons generate hydrogen peroxide or superoxide, which can be used to degrade toxic organic compounds [2]. Because of its numerous advantages such as low cost, nontoxicity, high stability, high reaction rate, and ability to simultaneously purify various
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