Proton-pump inhibitors associated with decreased urinary citrate excretion
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UROLOGY - ORIGINAL PAPER
Proton‑pump inhibitors associated with decreased urinary citrate excretion Parth M. Patel1 · Alexander M. Kandabarow1 · Eseosa Aiwerioghene2 · Enrique Blanco‑Martinez2 · Spencer Hart1 · David J. Leehey3 · Ahmer Farooq1 · Kristin G. Baldea1 · Thomas M. T. Turk1 Received: 30 August 2020 / Accepted: 7 November 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract Introduction Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) may increase the risk of kidney stone formation, but the mechanism has not been elucidated. There is a paucity of literature evaluating the effects of PPIs on urinary metabolites and urine pH. Methods We performed a retrospective review of nephrolithiasis patients treated at our institution and compared patients who were taking PPIs to those who were not at the time of their 24-h urine collections. Hierarchical multivariate linear regression was used to evaluate the independent relationship between PPI use and urinary mineral composition. Results We identified 301 consecutive patients, 88 (29%) of whom were taking PPIs at the time of their 24-h urine collections. Patients taking PPIs were older and more likely to have medical comorbidities associated with metabolic syndrome such as hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia (p
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