Psychometric Properties of the General Organizational Index (GOI): A Measure of Individualization and Quality Improvemen
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Psychometric Properties of the General Organizational Index (GOI): A Measure of Individualization and Quality Improvement to Complement Program Fidelity Kristin Sverdvik Heiervang1,2 · Karina Myhren Egeland1 · Matthew Landers3 · Torleif Ruud1,4 · Inge Joa5,6 · Robert E. Drake7 · Gary R. Bond7
© The Author(s) 2020
Abstract To assess the implementation of effective practices, mental health programs need standardized measures. The General Organizational Index (GOI), although widely used for this purpose, has received minimal psychometric research. For this study, we assessed psychometric properties of the GOI scale administered four times over 18 months during the implementation of a new program in 11 sites. The GOI scale demonstrated high levels of interrater reliability (.97), agreement between assessors on item ratings (86% overall), internal consistency (.77–.80 at three time points), sensitivity to change, and feasibility. We conclude that the GOI scale has acceptable psychometric properties, and its use may enhance implementation and research on evidence-based mental health practices. Trial registration: REK2015/2169. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03271242 Keywords GOI general organizational index · Psychometric properties · Individualization and quality improvement Successful implementation of an evidence-based practice requires assessment and monitoring of quality (Bond et al. 2011; Martinez et al. 2014; McHugo et al. 2007). The General Organizational Index (GOI) measures two essential components of implementation: individualization and Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-020-01025-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Kristin Sverdvik Heiervang [email protected] 1
Division of Mental Health Services, Akershus University Hospital, Sykehusveien 25, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
2
Centre for Medical Ethics, Institute of Health and Society, Medical Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
3
Duke University, Durham, USA
4
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
5
TIPS – Network for Clinical Research in Psychosis, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
6
Network for Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
7
Westat, Lebanon, NH, USA
quality improvement (McHugo et al. 2007). Individualization denotes the tailoring of interventions to meet each client’s needs, values, goals, and choices (Sackett et al. 1996). Quality improvement in health care is based on a principle of organizations and staff continuously striving to improve their work. There is no single definition, but it is generally understood to be a systematic approach for improving care and patient outcomes (Ross and Naylor 2017). Activities and structures documented to improve quality within mental health services are training and education of staff to build competence, ongoing clinical supervision to ensure clinical skill, and commitment at o
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