Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Work Ability Index in Working Individuals
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Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Work Ability Index in Working Individuals Claudio Bascour‑Sandoval1,2 · Francisco Soto‑Rodríguez1,3 · Claudio Muñoz‑Poblete4 · Gabriel Nasri Marzuca‑Nassr5
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract It is increasingly important to have validated instruments to assess the ability to work. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Work Ability Index (WAI) in working individuals. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 workers (men and women) in a high-complexity public hospital and in a public university. The participants were between 40 and 75 years, with a contract of at least 11 h weekly. The ability to work was assessed using the WAI and the perception of health through the Short Form 36 Health Survey version 2 (SF-36 v2). The concurrent validity was analyzed, correlating the WAI with the SF-36 v2. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to test construct validity. In addition, the internal consistency of the WAI was analyzed using the standardized Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The WAI showed a positive and statistically significant correlation (p < 0.001) with the SF-36 v2. The exploratory factor analysis showed three factors interpreted as, “Mental Resources”, “Diseases and Health-Related Restrictions”, and “Self-perception of Work Ability”. The reliability of the factors was acceptable, except for the second factor, which was poor. The WAI demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, such as internal consistency, concurrent and construct validity, constituting a reliable instrument to measure work ability for the population of active working individuals in the service sector. Keywords Workers · Psychometric properties · Work Ability Index · Reliability · Validity
Introduction The ability to work is a determining factor for active individuals that drives the workforce. Thus, in work health and safety, work ability is understood as the balance between a person’s resources and the demands of the environment. * Gabriel Nasri Marzuca‑Nassr [email protected] 1
Departamento de Medicina Interna, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
2
Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
3
Programa de Doctorado en Medicina Clínica y Salud Pública, Universidad de Granada, Granada, España
4
Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
5
Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, oficina 300, Edificio SA, Temuco, Chile
Personal resources include aspects like education, professional competence, values and attitudes as well as physicalfunctional aptitudes and health. The demands of the environment encompass the working environment and the real contents of the task/job, job requirements and organization [1]. Recognizing this ability is of crucial importance, as it gives rise to the assessment of actions to mai
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