Putative positive role of inflammatory genes in fat deposition supported by altered gene expression in purified human ad
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Journal of Translational Medicine Open Access
RESEARCH
Putative positive role of inflammatory genes in fat deposition supported by altered gene expression in purified human adipocytes and preadipocytes from lean and obese adipose tissues Sang‑Hyeop Lee1, Nak‑Hyeon Choi2, In‑Uk Koh2, Bong‑Jo Kim2, Song Lee3, Song‑Cheol Kim4 and Sun Shim Choi1*
Abstract Background: Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory disease that is generally characterized by enhanced inflammation in obese adipose tissue (AT). Here, we investigated alterations in gene expression between lean and obese conditions using mRNA-Seq data derived from human purified adipocytes (ACs) and preadipocytes (preACs). Results: Total mRNA-seq data were generated with 27 AC and 21 preAC samples purified from human visceral AT collected during resection surgery in cancer patients, where the samples were classified into lean and obese catego‑ ries by BMI > 25 kg/m2. We defined four classes of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing gene expres‑ sion between (1) lean and obese ACs, (2) lean and obese preACs, (3) lean ACs and lean preACs, and 4) obese ACs and obese preACs. Based on an analysis of comparison 1, numerous canonical obesity-related genes, particularly inflam‑ matory genes including IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β, i.e., the genes that are expected to be upregulated in obesity conditions, were found to be expressed at significantly lower levels in obese ACs than in lean ACs. In contrast, some inflammatory genes were found to be expressed at higher levels in obese preACs than lean preACs in the analysis of comparison 2. The analysis of comparisons 3 and 4 showed that inflammatory gene classes were expressed at higher levels in dif‑ ferentiated ACs than undifferentiated preACs under both lean and obese conditions; however, the degree of upregu‑ lation was significantly greater for lean than for obese conditions. We validated our observations using previously published microarray transcriptome data deposited in the GEO database (GSE80654). Conclusions: Taken together, our analyses suggest that inflammatory genes are expressed at lower levels in obese ACs than in lean ACs because lean adipogenesis involves even greater enhancement of inflammatory responses than does obese adipogenesis. Keywords: RNA-seq, Adipocytes, Preadipocytes, Inflammatory genes, Visceral adipose tissue
*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon‑do 24341, Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
Background A widely accepted notion about obesity is that inflammatory responses are elevated in the serum as well as adipose tissue (AT) of obese organisms, as a so-called low-grade inflammatory disease [1]. AT is a primary
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