3D printed complete removable dental prostheses: a narrative review
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REVIEW
3D printed complete removable dental prostheses: a narrative review Eva Anadioti1* , Leen Musharbash1, Markus B. Blatz1, George Papavasiliou2 and Phophi Kamposiora2
Abstract Background: The purpose of this paper is to review the available literature on three-dimensionally printed complete dentures in terms of novel biomaterials, fabrication techniques and workflow, clinical performance and patient satisfaction. Methods: The methodology included applying a search strategy, defining inclusion and exclusion criteria, selecting studies and forming tables to summarize the results. Searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were performed independently by two reviewers to gather literature published between 2010 and 2020. Results: A total of 126 titles were obtained from the electronic database, and the application of exclusion criteria resulted in the identification of 21 articles pertaining to printed technology for complete dentures. Current innovations and developments in digital dentistry have successfully led to the fabrication of removable dental prostheses using CAD/CAM technologies. Milled dentures have been studied more than 3D printed ones in the currently available literature. The limited number of clinical studies, mainly case reports, suggest current indications of 3D printing in denture fabrication process to be custom tray, record bases, trial, interim or immediate dentures but not definitive prostheses fabrication. Limitations include poor esthetics and retention, inability to balance occlusion and low printer resolution. Conclusions: Initial studies on digital dentures have shown promising short-term clinical performance, positive patient-related results and reasonable cost-effectiveness. 3D printing has potential to modernize and streamline the denture fabrication techniques, materials and workflows. However, more research is required on the existing and developing materials and printers to allow for advancement and increase its application in removable prosthodontics. Keywords: Complete removable dentures, Digital dentures, CAD/CAM, 3D printed, Rapid prototyping, Additive manufacturing Background Despite the reduction in the incidence of edentulism in this generation cohort [1], the absolute number of edentulous patients is increasing due to the increase in lifeexpectancy [2–4]. Complete removable dental prostheses (CRDP) or complete dentures (CD) have been used to
*Correspondence: [email protected] 1 Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104‑6030, USA Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
rehabilitate patients with complete edentulism for centuries [5]. Those prostheses meet the minimum social and physiological needs of the patients [6] and have not evolved significantly in recent years. The most commonly used material for fabrication of conventional CRDP has been the polymer polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) [7]. The material’s r
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