A Comparative Analysis of Iridium Oxide Nanowires in Electrical Detection of Biochemical Reactions
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1095-EE08-22
A Comparative Analysis of Iridium Oxide Nanowires in Electrical Detection of Biochemical Reactions Vinu Venkatraman1, Ravikiran Reddy1, Fengyan Zhang2, David Evans2, Sheng-Teng Hsu2, Bruce Ulrich2, and Shalini Prasad1 1 Electrical and Computer Engineering, Portland State University, 1900 SW 4th Ave, Suite 160, Portland, OR, 97201 2 Sharp Labs of America Inc., Camas, WA, 98607 ABSTRACT Pt, Ir, Au and few other precious metals have highly conducive electrical and chemical properties; hence have been widely used in pH sensors and bimolecular sensing applications. The chief objective of this research is to highlight and demonstrate the advantages that Iridium Oxide (IrOx) nanowires offer over these competing metals in improving the performance metrics of biomolecular sensing. Iridium oxide has very good conductivity and very high charge storing capacity, and hence has an ability to detect very small changes in the surface charge. Nanowires have an ideal morphology to crowd protein molecules and highly increase the surface area of interaction. Higher area of interaction along with iridium oxide's high intrinsic physical adsorption rate, strongly enhance the rate of immobilization of biomolecules and hence enabling high sensitivity detection. Inflammatory protein, C-Reactive protein (CRP) that is a biomarker for cardiovascular disease was used as the model biomolecule for this study.
INTRODUCTION High sensitivity detection of biomolecules is imperative for accurate diagnosis of many diseases [3]. In order to achieve this it is imperative to localize biomolecule sin size matched spaces. Nanomaterial offer this unique ability for size based trapping and localization. The need for nanotechnology has been widely increasing over the years in order to improve the performance metrics of detection along with making the detection devices highly portable and inexpensive. Nanomaterials highly increase the surface area of interaction to bulk volume ratio; hence highly improving the amount of device interaction with the biomolecules leading to higher sensitivity of detection, and making the device highly portable [4]. The key to developing miniaturized biomolecule sensors is by incorporating the concept of label-free detection. The process of biomolecule detection without using fluorescent labels is termed as label free detection. Label-free detection methods have been gaining popularity over the last few decades, out of which, electrical and optical methods have proven to be very sensitive and reliable. The precious metals have been established to have very good electrochemical properties such as high conductivity and charge carrying capacity and hence have been widely used for the electrical detection of biomolecules as well as pH sensing. This research strives to signify the clear edge offered by Iridium Oxide (IrOx) nanowires over other competing precious metals towards electrical biomolecular sensing.
For this study, an electrical arrangement consisting of two electrodes which act as the biomolecule sensing sites
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