A Historical Review of Theoretical Boron Allotropes in Various Dimensions
For many years it was believed that boron can only form 3D allotropes due to its intrinsic electron deficiency. The last 20 years, however, have seen a true revolution in the knowledge and understanding of boron chemistry with synthesis of 2D forms of bor
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D Boron: Boraphene, Borophene, Boronene
2D Boron: Boraphene, Borophene, Boronene
Iwao Matsuda • Kehui Wu Editors
2D Boron: Boraphene, Borophene, Boronene
Editors Iwao Matsuda The Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
Kehui Wu Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Science Beijing, China
ISBN 978-3-030-49998-3 ISBN 978-3-030-49999-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49999-0 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
Preface
Naming of a novel material is significant to capture wide interests in societies and to develop the material science in academic and technological fields. Layers of “graphene” or “silicene” may not have been investigated such vigorously if they had been called “2D carbon (C)” or “2D silicon (Si).” 2D boron (B) is named “boraphene” by the theoretical works much earlier than the experimental discoveries of a monoatomic (monatomic) sheet of boron. Following the rule that elemental 2D materials are named as X’enes where X is the element composing the 2D material, for example, phosphorene (P) or bismuthene (Bi), the name could have been “boronene.” With various candidates, the pioneering researchers gathered at an international conference and discussed the naming including the translations in Asian countries. Since “borophene” has been already used globally, we accept using this name. However, to keep our fairness in the nomenclature, we leave these nominations in the title of our book. Boron has been an important research subject in theoretical and computational chemistry because they form a wide variety of chemical bonds with each other, making a large number of allotropes
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