A new insight into formation of 3D porous biomaterials
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A new insight into formation of 3D porous biomaterials Yanping Liu1,* , Yingchao Wang1, Mengnan Zhang1, Zhiyuan Qi1, Jun Zeng1, Nan Tian2,*, and Qian Li1 1
National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Molding Technology, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China 2 MOE Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Received: 19 July 2020
ABSTRACT
Accepted: 13 October 2020
The degradation of poly(e-caprolactone)/poly(L-lactic acid) (PCL/PLLA) electrospun membrane was carried out in the phosphate buffer of esterase and water, respectively. A three-dimensional (3D) porous morphology was cultivated during esterase degradation, which was confirmed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), while the structural evolution was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combining with wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). Compared with hydrolysis, the degradation rate of enzymolysis was significantly faster. With the rapid decline in PCL crystallinity, the crystallinity of PLLA increased slightly after enzymolysis. The formation of porous morphology should be attributed to the relatively rapid degradation of PCL crystal and PLLA amorphous region attacked by esterase. Also, the number of micropores on the fiber surface increased with degradation time, which provides new ideas for preparing porous materials with higher porosity.
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Springer Science+Business
Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Introduction Plastics product plays a very important role in our daily life. Among the nearly 400 million tons of synthetic polymers in the world, only less than 10% are recycled. Increased environmental issues caused by petroleum-based plastics have drawn much attention [1]. Therefore, the demand for degradable polymer materials which is environmentally friendly
is growing with years. Biodegradable polymers consist of natural and synthetic ones. Comparatively speaking, synthetic polymers including poly(ecaprolactone) (PCL) [2, 3], poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) [4, 5], poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) [6, 7], poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) [8, 9], etc., are more widely used, especially in many industries including suture, tissue engineering, agriculture, packing, and so on. In these applications, the degradation performance is one of the most important properties.
Handling Editor: Annela M. Seddon.
Address correspondence to E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05447-z
J Mater Sci
The degradation rate of degradable polymers is different from each other, while it even takes one year or more to completely degrade. In order to control the biodegradation process, hydrolytic enzymes such as esterase, lipases and protease are usually adopted to promote degradation [10–13]. PCL was confirmed to be a slow-degrading biomaterial [14, 15], with degradation cycle of more than one ye
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