A perspective on ionic liquid-based membranes for CO 2 separation
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REVIEW
A perspective on ionic liquid‑based membranes for CO2 separation Rizwan Nasir1 · Dzeti Farhah Mohshim2 · Hafiz Abdul Mannan3 · Danial Qadir4 · Hilmi Mukhtar4 · Khuram Maqsood1 · Abulhassan Ali1 · Belladonna Maulianda2 · Aymn Abdulrahman1 · Abdullah Bin Mahfouz1 Received: 12 April 2020 / Accepted: 30 September 2020 © Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences 2020
Abstract The unique characteristics of ionic liquid (IL) that can be tailored-made to its application make it a distinctive substance for broad applications. It is also considered as an excellent alternative and known as a green solvent, which is thermally stable and has almost negligible vapor pressure. The main objective of the study is to give an overview of the properties of ionic liquids that possess high gas absorptivity and to study the effect of ionic liquid on the characteristics and performance of membranes. This includes incorporating the ionic liquids in membranes, gas solubility mechanism through the ionic liquids, the achievement using the ionic liquid in membranes gas separation, and the gas transport through membranes containing ionic liquids. Furthermore, issues and challenges were identified and highlighted for future developments. Keywords Gas separation · IL membranes utilization · Ionic liquid membrane · Ionic liquid solubility · Performance prediction
Introduction In the past few years, membrane technology has attracted the researchers for different separation applications, i.e., gas separation, water vapor separation from gas streams like nitrogen (Akhtar et al. 2017), metal removal from wastewater treatment (Stoller et al. 2018) and oil mill effluent (Stoller et al. 2016), etc. These diversities in applications and benefits such as low energy consumption and easy operation render membrane technology competitive for traditional technologies. The penetration of substances into membranes depends upon the pressure and concentration gradient (Baker 2004; Nunes and Peinemann 2001). The gas separation is carried out by several mechanisms, e.g., diffusion, sorption, and * Rizwan Nasir [email protected] 1
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jeddah, Asfan Road, Jeddah 23890, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
3
Department of Polymer Engineering and Technology, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
4
Department of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Malaysia
sieving (Mulder 1996). A gas mixture at higher pressure is passed through membranes, highly selective for one gas molecule than others (Bernardo et al. 2009). Generally, for gas separation modules, nonporous asymmetric membranes are used, and they follow the solution diffusion transport mechanism. According to this mechanism, the gas transport through the membrane follows three steps: sorption, diffusion, and desorption (Asad et al. 2020; Hamid and Jeong 2018). However, the membrane technology still has limited in
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